84 



with thin light red-brown bark which separates into long thin scales 

 and small branches which are erect when the tree is crowded in the 

 forest, but in op^n ground are ascending and spreading and form 

 a broad flat-topped head often thirty or forty feet in diameter. 



The secondary branches are long and slender, and are erect at the top of the 

 tr. e and pendulous on the lower branches. The staminate trees are of open habit, 

 with light-coloured yellow-green foliage, and the pistillate trees are of more com- 

 pact habit with dark green foliage. The branchlets are slender, four-angled, pen- 

 dulous, and at the end of four or five years, when the leaves disappear, are light 

 reddish, brown or ashy gray. The leaves are opposite in pairs, closely impressed, 

 narrow, acute or gradually narrowed above the middle and acuminate, and marked 

 on the back by a conspicuous oblong gland. The flowers are dioecious and in 

 Florida open earl> in March. The staminate flowers are oblong, elongated, and 

 from an eighth to nearly a quarter of an inch in leugth, with rounded entire anther- 

 scales which bear usually three pollen sacs. The scales of the pistillate flowera 

 are gradually narrowed above the Jiiiddle and acute at the apex, and become ob- 

 literated from the fruit. This is sub-globose, dark blue, an i covered when ripe 

 with a glaucous bloom, and is usually only about an eighth of an inch in diameter, 

 with sweet resinous flesh and usually two seeds. 



In the United 8iates Jutiiperus barbadenfiin is distributed along the 

 Atlantic coast from Southern Greorgia to the shores of the Indian 

 River, Florida, and on the Gulf coast from the Noithern shores of 

 Charlotte Harbour, Florida, to the valley of the Appalachicola, grow- 

 ing usually in inundated river-swamps and forming great thickets in 

 forests of '!axoiium, Red Maple, Gordonia, Loblolly Pine, Swamp 

 Oaks, Pdlmetto, and Liquidambar ; and in the West Indies it grows on 

 the Bahamas, San Domingo, the mountains of Jamaica, and on Antigua. 



The wood, which resembl s that of the lied Cedar of the north in 

 colour and fragrance, is straighter-grained and more easily worked, and 

 for man\ years and until the supply begun to become exhausted it was 

 exclusively used by the German manufacturers of pencils, who have 

 established large factories foi cutting this wood at Cedar Keys and 

 other places on the Florida coast. 



Juniperus harhadensDi, with its lorg spreading branch^ s and elon- 

 gated gracefully drooping branchlets, is one of^ the most beautiful of 

 all Junipers, and it has been iargely used for the decoration of the 

 squares and cemeteries of the cities and towns in the neighbourhood of 

 the coast from Florida to western Louisiana. 



THE STORY OF THE PAP AW. 



By F. B. Kilmer * 

 (Continued from Bulletin for August. 1903.) 

 The Milk of the Papaw^. 

 Trees that give milk are plentiful in the tropics. The native name 

 for the papaw is "lechoso" (a producer of milk). When an inci-ion is 

 made in the bark of any part o; the tree or in the fruit rind, a limpid, 

 milk-like fluid exudes very freely. It is slightly more dense than 

 water, and in contact with the air quickly coagulates and closes the 

 incisioi. This coagulation is a rather notable phenomenon. 



For the fraction of a minute the liquid flows as though a milk bottle 

 were uncorked, and one imagines that gallons will run without stop- 

 ping, but suddenly it ceases On examination it is found that the 

 milk is coagulated for a considerable distance within the glands. I am 



♦Reprinted from the " American Journal of Pharmacy." 



