1921.] THE DISEASES OF ANIMALS OliDINANCE. 123 



PiINDERPEST OU CaTTLE PlAGUE. 



Definition : A. contagious and eruptive fever due to an undiscovered 

 infective agent. 



Animals affected — Bovines, rarely seen in sheep. 



Sjjnqjtonis — Tn the early stages the temperature rises, there is loss of 

 appetite, the animal is dull and the coat is staring A watery or mucous 

 discharge flows from the eyes and nostrils. In the latter case there may 

 be a slight amount of blood in the discharges. There are signs of colic 

 and shivering is observed. Very often milk secretion diminishes or 

 even stops. There is general depression and weakness. Continued 

 snortings are observed. The bowels are at first constipated but in the 

 latter stages diarrhoea often sets in, this is foul smelling and the dung 

 is tinged with blood. 



An eruption followed by distinct ulceration appears on the lips and 

 tongue. Animals pine away rapidly and a fatal termination happens 

 from 6-10 days after infection. It does not attack single animals in a 

 herd, but spreads rapidly from one to another. 



Post mortem — There is marked congestion and ulceration of the 

 fourth stomach, The bowels are highly congested with a greyish 

 deposit on the mucous membrane. The lymphatic glands are soft and 

 of a dark colour. The flesh is of a dark colour— mahogany — putrefies 

 rapidly, and should not be used for food. 



Treatment — Slaughtering affected animals. Destruction of manures. 

 Treatment of all contacts with x\nti-Uinderpest Serum or with Serum 

 and then with blood of affected animal — simultaneous method of 

 vaccination. 



Pleuro-Pneumonia or " Lung Sickness." 



Definition — A cont^igious disease of the Lungs and Pleura caused by an 

 infective agent. 



Animals affected— V,o\\ne, animals. 



Symptoms — There is loss of appetite, dullness, fever; a dry husky 

 cough is marked especially when the animal is made to move about. 

 In bad cases the breathing is very rapid and the movement of the flanks 

 increased. The forelimbs remain wide apart and the head low with 

 straining neck. Some animals are greatly emaciated but others appear 

 to be in excellent condition. It does not follow that the latter are 

 cured, they continue to infect others for a long time. 



Post vwrtem — The losiotis are chiefly confined to the lungs and pleura. 



The chest cavity contains a yellow fluid. The lungs are very 

 solid in parts and the surface is often yellow. The cut section of a piece 

 of lung is uuirbled in red and yellow. The fibrous tissue lines (septa) are 

 very broad and a yellow fluid exudes from the cut surface. At times 

 the lungs are fixed to the ribs by a thick membrane. 



Treatment — Isolation of all affected animals and slaughtering. 



Anthrax or Splenic Fever. 



Definition — A contagious disease caused by iJaciZZus Antliracls. 



Animals aff'ected — Human beings and all animals are liable to 

 Anthrax. The disease is seen chiefly in cattle, pigs and sheep but nob 

 uncomuionlv in horses. 



