124 TEINIDAD AND TOBAGO BULLETIN. \XIX. 3. 



Symptoms— h. beast which a short time before appeared to be well 

 is found dead or in a dying condition. Frequently blood oozes from the 

 nostril and anus. In cattle there are no typical syn^ptoms, but iu horses 

 and pigs the region of the throat is often found to be swollen. 



Post mortem — The carcase is swollen. Blood is found around the 

 nostrils and anus. It is the height of folly on the part of any one to 

 open an animal suspected to have died from Anthrax as he may thereby 

 cause further infection of the premise^;. In cases of sudden de.ith he 

 should await a skilled opinion before disposing of the carcase. If 

 however such a carcase is eviscerated, the lungs and glands are found 

 to be congested. The spleen is very much enlarged, it is softer and 

 darker than normal and its substance resembles tar. The blood is very 

 dark in colour and does not clot. 



Treatment — Isolation and vaccination of animals that have been in 

 contact. In some cases the use of Anti-Anthrax herum is recommended 

 either alone or together with the vaccine. 



Glandeks and Farcy. 



Definition — A contagious disease due to Bacillus Mallei. The disease 

 is called Farcy when the lesions are confined to the skin, and glanders 

 when symptoms are noticed on the nostrils {Septum Nasi), the sub- 

 maxillary glands and the lungs. 



Animals affected — The horse tribe is most commonly affected with 

 glanders. Man not infrequently gets the disease from the horse by 

 inoculation through a wound. The dog and the cat may be affected. 

 The disease is never seen in cattle, sheep, goats and pigs. 



Syniptonis — Occult glanders can only he detected by the Mallein 

 test, the animal affected showing no external symptoms. In typical 

 cases the sub-maxillary glands are enlarged and hard and a greyish 

 discharge is observed from one or both nostrils. Ulcers are seen 

 inside the nasal cavity and characteristic cicatrices are seen. 



In severe acute cases the temperature is raised several degrees 

 and the animal shows distinct sjinptoms of respiratory disease. In 

 chronic cases the temperature is not higher than normal. 



In Farcy lymphatic cords appear on the skin and nodules which 

 become ulcers appear on the course of these cords. The ulcers discharge 

 a thick yellowish oily fluid. One or more limbs become swollen. 



Post tnortem — One sees the ulcers on the skin if Farcy has been 

 present. Besides what one sees in the live animal one may also find 

 ulceration of the throat and air passages. The most constant changes 

 are however found in the lungs. In acute glanders small grey nodules 

 about the size of a pin's head are seen all through the lung substance. 

 In chronic cases the nodules in the lung may be hard and shot-like to 

 the touch. Some of them are gritty due t3 calcification. The number of 

 nodules in a lung varies from one to two hundred. 



