The Bulletin. 15 



it originated in northern China, and that from there it was introduced 

 into California about 1870. The insect remained unknown to science, 

 however, until 1880, when it was first described. At that time it was 

 destructive in orchards in the Santa Clara valley near the city of San 

 Jose (pronounced San Ho-zay), in California, and it is from that city 

 that it has received its name. 



The insect was not discovered in the eastern United States until 

 August, 1893. At that time it was found in Charlottesville, Va. It was 

 soon found that the infested trees were purchased from nurseries which 

 had been introducing stock from California. Then fruitgrowers and 

 entomologists began to inspect orchards especially for this pest, and in 

 1897, five years after its discovery in Virginia, it was known to exist in 

 twenty States east of the Mississippi River. 



It seems likely that it obtained a foothold in North Carolina about as 

 soon as in Virginia, beginning at Southern Pines. Certain it is that it 

 has been known in that vicinity since about 1897, and was probably 

 there several years before it was recognized. At the present time it is 

 widely disseminated in. the State and no one can safely assume that his 

 locality is free from it. And this same condition is true for all the 

 other States in this section of the country. 



Name of the Insect — it is worth while here to designate the proper 

 pronunciation of the name of this pest. The name San Jose is of 

 Spanish origin. The "San" is pronounced just as it is spelled. In the 

 word "Jose" the "J" has the soimd of "H," the "s" the sound of "z," 

 and the "e" the sound of "ay." The proper way to pronounce the name 

 of the insect is therefore as if it were spelled "San Ho-zay," with the 

 accent on the last syllable. 



REMEDIES FOR THE SAN JOSE SCALE. 



One thorough spraying (or washing) each year with proper remedies, 

 will keep the San Jose Scale in good control. This is amply proven by 

 the experience of hundreds of our fruitgrowers and farmers every year. 



It is best to give the treatment in late winter, before the buds have 

 opened (February or early March), but any time after the leaves are 

 shed in fall and before the buds open in spring will do. Spraying with 

 a regular spray pump is by far the best method. For this treatment the 

 great majority of growers depend on one of the two following: 



Lime-sulphur Wash (either commercial or the home-made) page 16. 



Soluhle Oil (of which there are several brands) page 17. 



Other remedies which are used to some extent are : Whale-oil soap, 

 kerosene emulsion, and laundry soap, dissolved in water. Each of these 

 is discussed briefly in the following pages — but we must emphasise that 

 the great majority depend either on the lime-sulphur or the soluble oils. 

 And as between these two each has its own peculiar advantages, and 

 among people who have had ample experience with both, some prefer the 

 one and some prefer the other. Both are good and it is mainly a matter 

 of personal choice between them. The greater number depend on the 

 lime-sulphur. 



