The Bulletin. 23 



PAET II. 

 ORCHARD SPRAYING. 



IXTRODUCTION. 



In the first part of this Bulletin we have fully discussed the San 

 Jose Scale and the remedies for it. And that opens the way for a gen- 

 eral discussion of orchard spraying for the control of many other kinds 

 of insects and diseases which damage our trees and fruit every year. 

 Any person who has an orchard large enough to yield fruit to sell 

 should certainly know the different mixtures used in spraying, how they 

 are prepared, when to use them, and why — for spraying means money 

 profits to such a person, whether there is any San Jose Scale in his 

 orchard or not. And the person who has San Jose Scale should have the 

 same information, because when he is once prepared to spray his trees 

 for scale, it is a simple matter to go a little further and give the other 

 treatments for the other pests. The only persons who are really justified 

 in not spraying are those who have only a few trees for home use and 

 these not infested with scale. 



The demand for information about the spraying of fruit trees is very 

 active and scores of our finiit growers are taking up spraying each year 

 who have not followed the practice before. In the effort to give all 

 these persons adequate instruction this Bulletin has been prepared. 



"Please give me full directions for spraying my orchard." That is a 

 common form of inquiry, and while we give much of the information 

 needed in these pages, yet the grower must remember that there are 

 many small details that can be mastered only by experience and obser- 

 vation. 



Just at this time there is some uncertainty as to the relative merits 

 of the Bordeaux Mixture and the Lime-sulphur Wash for the control of 

 fungous diseases in the orchard; but the recommendations as given in 

 this Bulletin are based not only on our own experiences and observa- 

 tions, and the experience of growers in the State, but also on the recom- 

 mendations of the officials in the United States Department of Agricul- 

 ture. We feel sure, therefore, that they are as near correct as they can 

 be made from present knowledge. In this Bulletin we give preference 

 to Arsenate of Lead as the poison to use in spraying fruit trees, as results 

 from its use are much better than from Paris Green. 



Tn'^ect ])ests and diseases of various kinds make it necessary to spray 

 our fruit orchards. Examine our fruits in summer or fall and notice 

 the knotty, dwarfed, wormy and specked ones, and you will be con- 

 vinced. However, some of the diseases and insects which attack the 

 apple are quite different from those which attack the peach, so that the 

 treatment is different for these two fruits. Hence we discuss separately 

 the spraying of the apple orchard and the spraying of the peach 

 orchard. Pears are subject to nearly the same troubles as apples, but 



