The Bulletin. 25 



3. Just After Blossoms Fall, Promptly. —Use Commercial Lime- 

 sulphur 1 1-2 gallons to 50 gallons water and add 3 pounds Arsenate of 

 Lead. (See page 29.) 



This is the most important spraying of all for the fruit, and should 

 never be neglected in bearing orchards. Its special object is to kill the 

 Codling Moth which makes the "wormy apple," and as the worm usually 

 enters at the blossom end we must spray promptly after the blossoms 

 fall, as the blossom end is then open and will receive the poison. All 

 the trees will not shed the blossoms at the same time, so we must strike 

 at the best time for the average, or for the ones we prize most, and 

 every effort must be made to lodge some of the spray in the open blossom 

 end of each young apple. 



4. Three to Four Weeks Later.— f/se the Bordeaux Mixture at 

 rate of Jf. pounds Lime, 3 pounds Bluestone, 50 gallons water, and add 

 3 pounds of Arsenate of Lead. (See page 29.) 



This treatment, coming three or four weeks after the blossoms have 

 fallen, will be when the apples are about an inch in diameter, more or 

 less. It will reach some Codling Moth which escaped the third treatment 

 and will catch caterpillars which may have started since. As the leaves 

 will be nearly grown, this treatment will usually benefit them for the 

 rest of the season. It also protects the fruit considerably from rots 

 which attack it later in the season. 



Note. — Eight here a word of caution is needed. Some want to use 

 the weakened Lime-sulphur (as in the third spraying) instead of the 

 Bordeaux. All right for those who prefer — it will do very well; but 

 the evidence is that the burning effect of Bordeaux Mixture which has 

 been quite conspicuous in recent years comes from the application just 

 after the blossoms fall, and that the Bordeaux can be used for this 

 fourth (and any later) treatment without the burning. Furthermore, the 

 Bordeaux "wall give a little better protection against Bitter Eot and 

 other midsummer diseases than the weakened Lime-sulphur. Hence we 

 would prefer to use it, if we can avoid the burning effect. 



The United States Department of Agriculture tests show good results 

 when using 4 pounds Bluestone to 50 gallons in making Bordeaux for 

 this treatment. But in consideration of some damage in this State, we 

 venture to recommend only 3 pounds. Some of our growers will use 

 only 2 pounds, and some will not use it at all, but depend entirely on the 

 Lime-sulphur. In tests made by this office at Greensboro, N. C, in 

 1910, leaf spot was a little worse on trees sprayed with Lime-sulphur 

 than on those sprayed with Bordeaux, and the rotting of fruit on the 

 trees began on those sprayed with Lime-sulphur earlier than on those 

 sprayed with Bordeaux, Therefore, we prefer the Bordeaux, but take 

 all possible caution to avoid the burning. 



5. Summer Spraying. —Ten Weeks Later. Use the same as in the 

 previous treatment. 



This treatment should come about midsummer, and will prevent the 

 diseases that attack the leaves and fruit late in the season, such as Bitter 



