8 The Bulletin. 



same way as for the private owner, the superintendent of the institu- 

 tion in every case signing the agreement. If we erred at all in this 

 work it was in requiring more of these than the agreement stipulated. 



The initial test at several of these institutions gave as high as 66 2-3 

 per cent reactions. At others there were no reactions whatever. With 

 the exception of a few of the smaller institutions we have tested all 

 cattle under State control. The last tests made in these herds gave no 

 reactions. These herds we have tested every three months rather than 

 six months and a year, as we do in the private herds, except where 

 large percentage of disease is found. We can safely state that the cattle 

 at our important State institutions are free from Tuberculosis. 



ORPHAN ASYLUMS. 



In our work we have been mindful of the future men and women of 

 our State as well as the present. Fortunately for these little ones, the 

 cattle which have been furnishing them with milk were very slightly 

 diseased, and that at one place only. In this case there was but one cow 

 diseased, and that showed only slight lesions in cervical glands and lungs. 

 The retests at these orphanages have never shown a reactor. 



CREAMERIES. 



There are two creameries in the State receiving their entire milk sup- 

 ply from tubercular free cattle, a-s indicated by the subcutaneous test 

 applied early in 1911. Many of the cows supplying these creameries 

 have been tested a number of times. In only a few herds supplying the 

 Catawba Creamery, located at Hickory, N. C, has the disease been found, 

 and then in herds which had added cattle from a distant locality. Prac- 

 tically without one exception tuberculosis has only been found in herds 

 where cattle have been purchased outside the State and introduced for 

 breeding purposes. 



In the 1,231 cattle tested supplying the Catawba Creamery only one 

 reactor Avas found. This testing of the cows supplying this creamery 

 was completed May 31, 1911. 



The records of the White Pine Creamery located at Fletcher indicate 

 that it receives its milk from herds which have never shown a reactor, 

 in the two years the tests have been conducted. Our records show the 

 fact that this creamery has received its entire milk supply from tuber- 

 culin tested cows since April 22, 1910. 



PRIVATE HERDS. 



In the private herds, like those of the State and other institutions, 

 some were badly diseased. Several herds showed over .28 per cent dis- 

 eased. Like the herds at the institutions the largest percentage of disease 

 was found where cattle had been shipped in from other States. There are 

 several instances where 44 per cent of the cattle shipped in were dis- 

 eased and these accompanied by a health certificate endorsed by the 

 Sanitary Officer of the State in which the shipment originated. 



The native cattle which have not been exposed to imported cattle 

 show less than one per cent diseased. 



Tills clearly demonstrates the need of extreme care in selecting 

 breeding and dairy cattle, to know that they are free from tuberculosis. 



Instances have occurred where the entire shipment of cattle pur- 



