10 The Bulletin. 



chased without this State for breeding and dairy purposes were tuber- 

 culous. The damage which would occur from placing such animals into 

 a herd can scarcely be calculated. 



There has come to our notice one herd of pure bred Angus cattle 

 which was totally destroyed by the introduction of one tuberculous cow. 

 Three months prior to the introduction of this cow the herd was free 

 from the disease, as shown by the test. Six months after the cow was 

 introduced into the herd the entire number reacted. Sixty-six and two- 

 thirds per cent of the cattle were so badly diseased that they were con- 

 demned as unfit for food. 



In cooperating with cities in securing the tuberculin test we. have had 

 demonstrations, by first testing a herd and then slaughtering the reac- 

 tors and holding a postmortem so the dairymen and others interested 

 could see for themselves the diseased organs. 



One demonstration was conducted in a town of about 10,000. The 

 cow which was used had reacted to the test as applied by a local veter- 

 inarian the preceding day. The morning of the day she was slaughtered 

 her milk was sent to the city market as usual. At 2 p. m. she was 

 slaughtered in the presence of practically all the dairymen supplying 

 the town, among them the owner. Postmortem showed liver, lungs, 

 intestines, and udded affected, the liver and lungs containing large 

 pus-filled abcesses. 



The results of this demonstration was a city ordinance requiring the 

 tviberculin test and a vetrinarian employed to conduct a regular milk 

 and meat inspection. 



From this work has come the inclination of our towns to require 

 meat and milk inspection. More than a dozen of our largest towns now 

 have ordinances governing this work and men placed in charge. 



When comparing results with other States the fact must be borne in 

 mind that North Carolina has no large cities — in fact her largest city 

 contains less than 35,000 inhabitants. The milk and meat inspection 

 including, of course, the tuberculin testing of cattle, for cities would 

 doubtless increase much more rapidly if sufficient number of veterina- 

 rians were available in the State to conduct the work. There are only 

 seventeen graduate veterinarians practising in the State. 



SUMMARY 



In 1909 there were only seventy-nine herds of 990 cattle tested with 

 the result of only .35 per cent of disease indicated. This is a remark- 

 able showing and it indicates the small amount of disease then existing. 

 But the most peculiar, and yet most gratifying, thing is the fact that 

 no reactors were found in the native cattle. Some of these native cattle 

 had been in dairy barns in this State for several years. This .35 per 

 cent of disease was found in pure bred cattle brought into the State for 

 breeding and dairy purposes. 



In 1910 the percentage of reactors jumped up to 6.87 per cent, a 

 great increase to be sure, but the high percentage is due to the intro- 

 duction of pure bred cattle from other States. In this year several 

 carloads of cattle came in showing more than 33 per cent diseased. 

 Another reason for this increase :- a number of large herds which had 



