46 The Bulletin. 



Entomologist, who, in cases of severe insect outbreaks, makes personal visits 

 wliere possible for. tlie purpose of investigating tbe trouble and advising as to 

 its control. 



As new insect pests are constantly appearing and many of the old ones have 

 not yet been effectually controlled, experimentation necessarily forms an im- 

 portant part of the work of the Division. These experiments consist of the 

 devising of some control scheme and the placing of it in actual practice in the 

 held. The past winter successful experiments were made against the perni- 

 cious San Jose Scale, while now the Division is engaged in an elaborate experi- 

 ment to control the detestable little white worm common in peaches (peach 

 curcuUo). A successful subjugation of this latter insect would mean thou- 

 sands of dollars saved to the peach growers of this State. 



Situated in the different parts of iNorth Carolina are about sixty nurseries, 

 whose stock is sold all over the State. Each year the Entomologist makes a 

 careful inspection of the salable stock of these nurseries to learu if any of 

 the more harmful insect pests are present. All infested stock is destroyed 

 The advisability of this proceeding can readily be understood when one con- 

 siders that a noxious insect, harbored in a large nursery in the State might, in 

 a single season, be scattered all over the State wei-e no means taken to pre- 

 vent it. 



The Division aims to aid and protect the orchard interests, especially the 

 extensive peach interest in Moore and Montgomery Counties, and the apple 

 interest in the western part of the State. It is now gathering information 

 relative to bee-keeping and the production of honey, which is an important 

 item with many persons in the eastern counties. 



ANIMAL HXJSBANDBY. 



The work in animal husbandry was formerly confined almost exclusively 

 to the answering of correspondence and the giving out of general information 

 relating to the breeding, care and feeding of live-stock, but since the estab- 

 lishment of the test farms information of more definite character is being sup- 

 plied. Moi-eover, these farms are being stocked with pure-bred horses, cattle, 

 sheep and hogs, which, while furnishing material for experimental work, are 

 also being supplied to the farmers of the State to improve the native stock. 



In addition, beef-cattle are being fed on these farms, in car-load lots, for the 

 purpose of obtaining definite information on the subject that will certainly 

 apply to North Carolina conditions. This work has already progressed suffi- 

 ciently to demonstrate that by using what are usually waste products on the 

 average farm, the feeding of beef-cattle can be made profitable. 



FEDERAL CATTLE QUABANTINE BESTBICTIONS. 



When the Federal Government placed a rigid quarantine on all of the cattle 

 in the State, because certain parts of it were infested with cattle ticks, it 

 became necessary for the State Department of Agriculture to establish and 

 maintain a line separating the cattle of the infected section from those of the 

 tick-free section. The State Department established this line and maintained 

 it to the satisfaction of the Federal authorities, and as a result of this the 

 cattle from our best cattle-growing sections were permitted to be shipped to 

 any part of the country ; whereas, had this line not been maintained by the 

 State, the cattle of the entire State could not have been shipped except for im- 

 mediate slaughter. 



Such quarantine restrictions placed on any section mean a depreciation in 

 the price of cattle from one-fourth to one-half cent per pound. At one-fourth 

 cent per pound the benefit to the sixteen mountain counties alone, of an unre- 

 stricted market, is fully $100,000 a year. 



CATTLE TICK EXTEBMINATION. 



Realizing the benefits resulting in freedom from the presence of the cattle 

 tick, the Department of Agriculture began a campaign of tick extermination, 

 whicl). after seven years' work, has resulted in freeing twenty additional 

 counties from ticks and obtaining their release from quarantine restrictions. 



