Francis E. Lloyd — 24 — Carnivorous Plants 



curved over to form a hood, with an entrance of narrow caliber facing 

 horizontally, instead of downwards as in Darlingtonia. It is deep 

 red in color, mottled by angular white fenestrations which allow 

 diffused light to enter the tube on all sides, more especially on the 

 ventral aspect of the tube which, because of the decumbent position 

 of the leaf, hes uppermost. In some other species, the fenestrations 

 occur on the dorsal aspect of the tube. The pitchers are rigid, and 

 are of striking shape, suggesting the specific and common name. The 

 above mentioned fenestrations have a more opaque look than those 

 of Darlingtonia, and on examination they were found to have extensive 

 intercellular spaces, the effect of which is to diffuse the Hght, thus 

 producing a snowy whiteness. 



The form and structure of a pitcher can be best seen in one cut 

 sagittally (j — 4). The upper part of the tube is strongly curved, so 

 as to direct the opening toward the leaf base. The end of the mid- 

 vein is indicated by a low umbo, the organic apex of the pitcher. Be- 

 yond this point the hood is closed by the forwardly curved lobes of 

 the "flap," the margins of which are closely apposed, sometimes even 

 to mutual adherence, though sections show their histological inde- 

 pendence (j — 6). The more ventral reaches of these lobes are en- 

 larged and bend inwards to form the entrance tube. Inspection of 

 this shows that it is formed partly by the upper short stretch of the 

 ventral pitcher wall and the proximate parts of the lobes, a condition 

 dupHcated in the aberrant juvenile leaf of Darlingtonia (5 — 3). Thus 

 is formed a short cylindrical entrance tube (j — 6), making the trap 

 of the lobster-pot type. The inner free edge of the entrance tube is 

 stiffened not only by the strong epidermis, but by a weal running 

 parallel to the free edge {3 — 4). This weal is continuous with the 

 exact edge of the lobes above the entrance tube, and must be re- 

 garded as the morphological margin. The edging beyond this forms 

 a shelf bearing numerous nectar glands, and is clothed on both sides 

 with tessellated epidermis of umbonate, striated cells, characteristic 

 of the inner general surface of the entrance tube, where also glands 

 are found. 



This shelf corresponds exactly with the inwardly curved nectar 

 roll of Darlingtonia (5 — 10), from the pitcher of which that of S. 

 psittacina differs in the fact that the organic apex of the tube lies 

 within the periphery of the hood, while in Darlingtonia it lies beyond. 

 The two lobes of the fishtail appendage of Darlingtonia correspond 

 to the two lobes of S. psittacina. Macfarlane regarded this species 

 as the most aberrant of all the species of Sarracenia, and its similar- 

 ity to Darlingtonia supports this view. It is on the whole more 

 similar to Darlingtonia than to 5. purpurea. 



The earlier stages in the development of the leaf are practically 

 indistinguishable from that of other species examined. The feature 

 peculiar to this species, however, the infolded edge of the flap, is a 

 character which appears quite late in the course of development. In 

 a leaf which, though embryonic in form, was large enough to be ex- 

 posed to the Hght, the hood measured about 0.75 mm. and in this 

 the fold has just commenced to develop (5— 11). In one with the hood 

 2 mm. long the ingrowth was marked, but far from fully developed. 



