Francis E. Lloyd — 230— Carnivorous Plants 



scales are basifixed. Mueller's description of the flower does not 

 help us much, but the few specimens I saw in Melbourne indicate 

 clearly that the flower with a widely spreading lower lip conforms 

 to that of U. dichotoma. Its color is bluish ("albida-caerulescente"). 

 U. iuhulata as a floating plant appears to stand alone in regard 

 to the morphology of the leaves and traps. If the upper and lower 

 traps of a whorl were absent, we would be tempted to homologize 

 the two lateral leaves with the trap between them with the condition 

 found in U. gibba, but that would be pressing the matter too far. 



U. dichotoma; U. monanthos (23—19, 20). — These and other 

 related species are characterized by the fact that the stolons dis- 

 play well marked nodes and internodes, the latter usually quite naked, 

 though in some cases {e.g. U. dichotoma) traps (facing backward) 

 may arise from the upper surface of the internode. At the node a 

 leaf, its upper surface facing backward, arises from the upper sur- 

 face and from each side of the stolon near the leaf base a branch 

 stolon and a trap. From the proximal leaf axil two traps and a bud, 

 which becomes a second leaf, usually spring, and from this axil also 

 a scape can arise. Thus these forms align themselves with the ter- 

 restrial forms in general, but are striking for the more readily ob- 

 servable emplacement of their parts. The traps are generally long 

 stalked, and in U. dichotoma often emerge slightly from the surface 

 of the wet but firm substrate, covered by a water film in normal 

 times. Hundreds of traps could be seen dotting the ground at Nar- 

 rabeen, N. S. W., using a lens of course. An additional feature of 

 interest in this group is the widely lacunate structure of the stolons 

 and petioles, which consist of scarcely more than the epidermis and 

 the vascular strand with a few collapsed parenchyma cells clinging 

 to it (much as in Genlisea). In U. monanthos, which grows in shallow 

 water, both stolons and petioles are much puffed up. U. dichotoma 

 has very small spatulate leaves and a tall scape; U. monanthos rela- 

 tively large leaves and a short scape. The scapes produce anchoring 

 stolons, leaves and traps on their bases. 



Another group of species of the dichotoma type is composed of 

 plants devoid of runner stolons and consisting solely of a corm-like, 

 vertically growing axis springing directly from the seedHng (22 — 25, 

 26). The corm is very slender at the bottom where it emerges from 

 the seedling, widening toward the top, having below the structure 

 of a stolon, becoming more and more stem-like as in Genlisea (Warm- 

 ing). This puts out anchoring stolons, traps and leaves, and ter- 

 minates in an inflorescence. They are either annuals of small, very 

 deUcate structure {e.g. U. capilliflora, U. Dunstani, U. albiflora) 

 which grow in wet places during the rainy season, chiefly in N. W. 

 Australia; or much more sturdy plants, but of the same plan of 

 structure, all but one {Polypompholyx tenella) of S. W. Australia. 

 These latter may be annuals found in wet sandy soil {P. latifolia, 

 P. tenella) or in very shallow water {U. violacea, U. Hookeri); or peren- 

 nials in wet clay-sandy soil {U. Menziesii) or in water {U. volubilis). 

 All these with the exception of U. volubilis and U. Menziesii con- 

 form in morphological features to Polypompholyx, and are sufficiently 

 indicated in the figure of this genus (22 — 25, 26). General descrip- 



