FLOWERS 



115 



The complete flower consists of four types of parts. 

 Further study of flower development, seed formation and 

 plant breeding require a familiarity with these parts. The 

 most fascinating way to become acquainted with flower 

 structure is to collect several kinds to examine and compare 

 their various parts. Several illustrations will be helpful in 

 the terminology. 



•PETAL 



PISTIU 



ANTHER OVULE 



RECEPTACLE 

 OVARY 



X Ik 



B C" 



Fig. 22. Rose. A, general view of a single rose. B, section to show the relation 

 of stamens and pistils. C, cross section of the receptacle to show the ovaries. D, a 

 single pistil. A, natural size. B, 2 x. C and D, 4 x. 



The sepals make up the calyx, which is the outer and 

 lower whorl of flower parts (Figs. 21 and 22). These are 

 usually small green leaf-like structures, which in herbaceous 

 plants often enclose and protect the more delicate inner part 

 of the bud. In a few flowers such as the tulip they are similar 

 to the petals in color and shape. The calyx may fall off when 

 the petals fall or it may remain, as it does at the base of a 

 pea pod, on the apple opposite the stem, and around the 

 capsule of petunia. 



