■ Transference of oxygen 



Table 22 : Action of trace elements on enzymes. — * 



' . Synthesis and destruction of tissue elements (mainly protein). 



A. (d-) Peptidases: Mn, Co, Fe, Zn, Mg 

 (bloodserum, animal organs, plants, bacteria) 

 (peptides — > aminoacids) 



B. Arginase: Mn, Co, Ni, Ca, V 

 (muscle, liver, yeast) 

 (arginine —> ornithine + urea) 



C. (Iso-citric acid-dehydrogenase: Mn, Mg 

 (hart muscle, liver, kidney, adrenals) 

 (Iso-citric acid — > a-keto-^-carboxyglutaric acid) 



I. Energetic processes (oxido-reductions). 



A. Haemoglobin Fe 



Haemocyanin Cu 



Respiratory enzyme Fe 



Cytochromes Fe, Mn 



Peroxydase Fe, Mn 



Catalase Fe 



B. Phosphate-transfering enzyme (yeast): Mg, Mn 

 1,3-diphosphoglycerinic acid + adenosinediphosphate ^ 

 ^ 3-phosphoglycerinic acid + adenosinetriphosphate 



C. Enolase (yeast): Mg, Mn, Zn 

 (2-phosphoglycerinic acid — > phosphopyruvic acid) 



D. Carboxylase (yeast): Mg, Mn, Zn 

 (pyruvic acid — ♦ acetaldehyde + CO2). 



E. Pyruvic acid-dehydrogenase (brain): Mg, Mn 



F. Phosphatases (different organs): Mg 



G. Zymase (yeast): Mn 



H. Carbonic acid anhydrase (blood): Zn 



(H2CO3 -» CO2 + H2O). 

 J. Phospholipoides-oxidizing enzyme: V 

 K. Lipases: Ca, Mn. 



3. Detoxication reactions. 



A. "Tyrosinase" (mushrooms): C« 



(oxidation of tyrosine, p-cresol, pyrocatechol). 



B. (Poly)phenoloxydases : C« 



(mushrooms, potatoes, milky juice of plants) 



(oxidation of p-cresol, pyrocatechol, tyrosine, pyrogallol, hydrochinon, 

 p-phenylenediamine). 



C. Diaminooxydase ("Histaminase"): Co 

 (mucous membrane of intestinal tract, etc.) 

 (oxidation of diamines, histamine). 



4. Transference of nervous stimuli. 



A. Cholinesterase: Mn, Mg, Ca, Ba 

 (torpedo, bloodserum, bloodcells) 

 (acetylcholine —* choline + acetic acid) 



* Elemeats in italics arc bound to cazyme complexes. 



^JLliRARY 



■,^' 



