SIGNIFICANCE OF MYCORRHIZAS. 55 



on Platanthera bifolia as Fusisporium endorhictim. Schacht 

 found that the fungus in the roots of Limodorum developed 

 reproductive organs similar to Eiirotinju. Treub and Bruch- 

 mann conclude that a Pythiiim forms the symbiosis with the 

 prothallium of Lycopodiiini. Bruns found that Polysacciivi 

 formed coatings on the roots of pines. Woronin identified 

 the mycelia on conifers, willows, poplars, hazelnut, birches, 

 and grasses as belonging to the Boleti. Rees determined 

 the fungus on certain conifers as an ElapJioviyces. Janse 

 named the one on Ccltis, Ccltidia diiplicispora, to be included 

 with the Ttiber-acecB. Recently Rees and Fisch have exam- 

 ined the mycelia formed by E. graniilatiis and E. variegatiis 

 on the roots of the forest trees, and conclude that the rela- 

 tion is not a parasitic one, but constitutes a mycorrhiza. 

 Noack made some attempts to form mycorrhizas by experi- 

 mental methods in 1887-1889, and found that G easier fimbri- 

 atiis and G. fornicatus form mycorrhizas with the roots of 

 conifers ; Agarictis terrciis with beeches and firs ; Lactariics 

 piperatus with Fagus sylvatica and Quercus pedimcjilata ; Cor- 

 tinariiis callisteiis and C. coeriilescens with beeches ; C. ftil- 

 niinens with oaks. Wahrlich determined the fungus of the 

 mycorrhiza of Vanda tricolor as Nectria goroschaiikiana, and 

 that of Vanda stiavis as N. vanda. Lendner made some spore 

 cultures of the fungi of Platanthera and Vanda in 1895, and 

 his observations confirm the results of Wahrlich. Chodat and 

 Lendner found that the fungus of Listera cordata resembles 

 Nectria as originally described by Wahrlich on Vanda. Jen- 

 nings and Hanna conclude that the fungus symbiotic with 

 CorallorJiiaa innata is a " hymenomycete and commonly an 

 agaric." Clitocybc infnndibiiliformis was found attached to 

 the coralloid formations in one instance, and Hystei'angiimi 

 stolonifermn in another — indicative of their identity with the 

 fungal symbiont. Nobbe and Hiltner observed the perono- 

 sporous fungus in the mycorrhiza of Podocarpns, and the writer 

 has found reproductive bodies resembling Pcnicilliuni on the 

 m.ycorrhizal roots of Pterospora. Jeffreys regards the fungus of 

 the gametophyte of Botrychium as being intermediate between 

 a Conipletoria and a PytJiimn. These and a few other examples 



