Vermont Dairymen's Association. 45 



Mr. Drew : — About picking up the dairy bred cow on your 

 own judgment. Any signs about her? 



Prof. Dean :- — Very few. I should want the owner to tell 

 me what this cow can do. That would be my guide. On per- 

 form rather than form I should lay stress. 



Mr. Peck : — Returning to the cow that was kept for $22 ; 

 did she have the eight pounds of grain the others had? 



Prof. Dean : — We feed each cow grain according to her milk 

 and butter yield. We keep adding a little to the cow's meal and if 

 she responds we add more ; but when we find that she responds 

 no further we stop. We give every cow according to our judg- 

 ment the amount of material she can probably use. 



Mr. Peck : — You have stated the profits from selling the 

 milk at four cents per quart. The average dairyman through- 

 out the State of Vermont cannot get four cents a quart for milk. 

 How would the account have stood if you had taken ordinary 

 butter prices as the basis of calculation? 



Prof. Dean : — I explained that we buy milk and cream 

 throughout the year, and that the lowest price paid for fat is 

 18 cents, and the highest 25 cents. The profit on the butter 

 from this best cow was $40.06 ; on milk sold at four cents it was 

 $118.16. 



A Member : — What did the Holsteins test for butter fat ? 



Prof. Dean : — The cow that gave the largest quantity of 

 butter, averag'ed 3.8 percent. She tested over 5 percent in one 

 of her monthly composite tests. I think the lowest Holstein test 

 was 3.2 fat. 



Mr. Aitken: — As to the Professor's attitude in the matter 

 of dairy form. I found on a recent visit at the Ottawa Experi- 

 ment Station that they were experimenting with many different 

 breeds, Holsteins, Guernseys, Ayrshires, Jerseys, two families of 

 Shorthorns and the Canadian cow as well. They were trying to 

 evolve the general purpose cow, but as yet without much suc- 

 cess. I went through the herd very carefully, and after I had 

 examined all their dairy cattle, I looked over the records ; and. 

 Professor, I think if you had seen the form of those cows, the 

 differences in the conformation of the dairy Shorthorns, for in- 

 stance, and the differences in the makeup of the Guernseys and 

 the Ayrshires as compared with those Shorthorns, and had then 

 examined their records, you would have seen at once that there 

 was a great deal to the idea that there is a relation between form 

 and perform. The cows that were profitable had a distinctly 

 different form from those that were unprofitable dairy animals. 

 And I was very glad to note one thing; that the Canadian cow, 

 your native Canadian cow that you are trying to make a thorough- 

 bred of, — and I think doing it very scientifically,- — is to my mind 



