74 THIRTIETH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 



let me say, that the champion of all breeds at the World's 

 Fair test was very largely of the type I have tried to describe, 

 had she had upright horns she might have passed for an 

 Ayrshire. • 



One of the cows whose photograph you see here, won the 

 first prize as a three year old at the World's Fair and al- 

 though she was by far the youngest cow in the ninety day 

 test she stood number twenty-nine among the seventy-five 

 cows in the test, this photograph was taken just before she 

 entered the ring to compete for the sweepstakes for the best 

 Jersey in the show, where she won the second prize. 



This other is a picture of Ivily Garfield, the champion of the 

 heifer test at Chicago, she was only four days over two years 

 old when she entered the test, almost a year younger than 

 any of her competitors, in the twenty-one days of her test she 

 made a clear profit of $11.22, whereas the next best Jersey 

 only made a profit of $8,985. Those are the kind of cows we 

 want in Vermont, "The kind that will make money." I mere- 

 ly brought these pictures to show what is being done in Ver- 

 mont today, and also to show you what a grand opportunity 

 you farmers and farmers' sons have to evolve a family of but- 

 ter cows that will eclipse the fame of Morgan horses and Meri- 

 no sheep, and which will bring more money into the State 

 than both of these industries combined. 



The most common mistake made by breeders when endeav- 

 oring to propagate and increase a certain characteristic, by 

 mating two animals who show that desired characteristic and 

 entirely overlooking the fact that a decided fault in conforma- 

 tion may be prominent in both animals, the results in such 

 cases are very apt to be disappointing, as the defects of both 

 animals are quite likely to crop out and be doubled in the off- 

 spring, than the desirable qualities it is sought to augment. 

 In fact my experience goes to show that defects are more 

 easily propagated than good qualities, it is therefore essential 

 in mating animals to produce certain results, great care 

 should be exercised, not only in the animals themselves but 

 in their progenitors, as much as possible to see that no objec- 

 tionable points are present. 



But in breeding butter cows there is one point which must 

 never be lost sight of, that is, the external indications of rich 

 milk. 



Now we hear a great deal about the beef type, and the dairy 

 type, but you never hear anything about the butter type for 

 the very reason there is no butter shape. The only external 

 indications of rich milk are a soft mellow hide covered with soft 

 wooly hair, and that placid, motherly look so frequently met 

 with in the best types of beef cattle. To sum it up, it is that 



