Xll CONTENTS 



Chapter 6 



The Gynoecium ^""^ 



The Carpel ^8^ 



Form of the Carpel. Closure of the Carpel. The Comple.x Carpel. Modifi- 

 cation of the Follicular Carpel. The Solid Carpel. The Stigma and Trans- 

 mitting Tissue. Placentation. Morphological Nature of the Carpel. Axial 

 Nature of the Carpel. Ontogeny of the Carpel. Anatomy of the Carpel. 

 Syncarpy. The Inferior Ovary. 

 Bibliography -^^'-^ 



Chapter 7 



The Ovule 256 



Definition of the Ovule. Form and Orientation of the Ovule. Ovule 

 Number. Ontogeny of the Ovule. Anatomy of the Ovule. Reduction in 

 the Ovule. The Nature of the Angiosperm Ovule. 



Bibliography - 287 



Chapter 8 



Archesporium 29(J 



Megaspore Mother Cell. Megasporogenesis. 

 The Embryo Sac 292 



Embryo-sac Types. Theories of the Morphological Nature of the Embryo 



Sac. 

 The Endosperm 303 



Types of Endosperm Formation. Cytological Make-up of the Endosperm. 



Ruminate Endosperm. Nature of the Endosperm. 

 Bibliography ^^^ 



Chapter 9 



Fertilization •^'^•^ 



The Embryo 310 



Germination. The Angiosperm Embryo at Germination and Early Seedling 



Stages. 



Polyembryony 345 



Anatomy of the Embryo and Young Seedling 347 



The Two Major Types of Angiosperm Embryos 355 



The Primitive Angiosperm Embryo 365 



Bibliography 365 



Chapter 10 



The Seed • 369 



Size of Seeds. Structure of the Seeds. 



The Fruit 375 



Dehiscence. Pericarp. The Integuments in Fruits. Evolutionary Relation- 

 ship of Fruit Types. 



Bibliography 380 



Chapter 11 



Notes on The Morphology of Selected Families 384 



Ranales 384 



Winteraceae. Lactoridaceae. Magnoliaceae. Annonaceae. Eupomatiaceae. 



Himantandraceae. Degeneriaceae. Myristicaceae. Schisandraceae. Illiciaceae. 



