94 MORPHOLOGY OF THE ANGIOSPERMS 



Reduction in ovules has been to few, and to one in the achene type. 

 Loss of ovules may take place progressively from either end; the sur- 

 viving ovules may be either the proximal or distal ones. The per- 

 sistence of a median ovule appears to be rare. The position of the single 

 ovule — distal or proximal — may form a good generic character, as in the 

 Proteaceae. The sequence in ovule loss is demonstrated by the position 

 of abortive ovules and presence of ovule traces where no ovule vestiges 

 remain. This sequence in ovule loss is well shown in carpels of the 

 Ranunculaceae and Rosaceae (Fig. 42). Where there is but one ovule 

 surviving, the position of that ovule in the ancestral follicle can often 

 be shown only by vestigial ovule traces. 



Reduction in the stamen and carpel is considered more fully in 

 Chaps. 4, 6, and 7. 



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