512 



MORPHOLOGY OF THE ANGIOSPERMS 



Scutellum, function, 327, 329, 330 



at germination, 332 



nature, 341 



position, 340, 348, 353 



types, 334 



vascular supply, 352 

 Sedges {see Cyperaceae) 

 Sedum, carpel in, 190 

 Seed(s), after-ripening in, 313, 315, 317, 

 319, 320, 369^70, 429 



albuminous, 374 



angiosperm, 1, 369 



arillate, 373, 377, 432, 434 



definition, 369 



dicotyledon, 371 



embryo, 365 



endosperm absent, 439 



exalbuminous, 374 



fossil gymnosperm, 272 



gymnosperm, 1 



monocotyledon, 328 



naked vs. enclosed, 1, 380 



size, 369^70 



structure, 370, 371, 372, 373-375 



{See aho Aril; Endospemi; Perisperm; 

 Seed coats ) 

 Seed coats, anatomy, 370, 371, 372 



ontogeny, 370 



Paeonia, 433 



retention in germination, 334, 335, 

 338, 339, 361 

 Seed shedding, embryo at, 319 

 Seedling, anatomy, 336, 347, 348 



cotyledon, 336, 338, 339 



dicotyledonous, 347 



embryo vs., 321 



leaves, 338, 339 



monocotyledonous, 348 



root, 336, 351^52 



underground, 361, 365 

 Selaginella, "cotyledons," 363 



gametophyte, 294 



vessels, 1, 45 

 Sempervivum, root system, 320 

 Sepal, 88, 89 



polliniferous, 106 

 Seiaria, embryo, 323 

 Shoot, 5-21, 24-30, 37-38 



anatomy, 24—30 



definition, 3, 4, 5 



floral, 24 



interpretations, 3 



leaf, 6-21 



nature, 21 

 stem, 5-6 

 Shoot apex, ontogeny, 30, 31, 32, 33-34 

 organization, 34 



Short shoot, flowering, 396, 436 

 Shrubs, 3 



fruits, 380 



occurrence in some primitive families, 

 387, 392, 395, 405, 415, 418, 432, 

 435, 436, 442 



wood, libers, 50 

 parenchyma, 50 

 Sibbaklia, ovule, 259 

 Sieve tubes, origin, 463 

 Silei^e, anther-sac wall, 169 



inflorescence, 72 



placentation, 238 

 Simanibaceae, syncarpy, 243 

 Simplicity, interpretation of, 467, 468 

 Sisyrinchium, leaf, 18 

 Smilax, gynoecium, 240 



leaf, 19 



microsporangia, 115 



stipules, 16 



venation, 18 

 Solanaceae, anthers, coherent, 105 

 dehiscence, 165, 167 



nodes, 26 



phloem, internal, 23, 58 



placentoids, 144 



proembryo, 311 

 Solanum, anthers, 128 



transmitting tissue, 201 

 Sophora, germination, 330 

 Sorbiis, hypanthium, 249 



ovule, 270 

 Sorghum, embryo, 295, 323, 341 



embryo sac, 295 



endosperm, 295 



ovule, 295 



pollen germination, 177 

 Sparganium, carpel, 189, 470 



cotyledon, 342 



embryo, 358 



gynoecium, 240 



inflorescence adnate to stem, 79 

 Sperm {see Male gametes) 

 Spermatogenous cell {see Generative 



cell) 

 Spermatogenous nuclei, 181 



{See aho Male gametes) 

 Spiraea, carpel, 190 



hypanthium, 249 



ovule, 258, 259 



syncarpy, 231 

 Sporangium, wall, 125-127, 136, 146 



wall-less, 469 



{See also Megasporangium; Micro- 

 sporangium ) 

 Sporogenesis ( see Megasporogenesis; 

 Microsporogenesis ) 



