INDEX 



373 



Betula latea— Continued 



nigra, 255 



papyrifera, 63, 240, 245, 269 

 Bidens frondosa, 199 

 Biological factors, 187-210 



animals, 198-210 



competition, 188-190 



plants, 187-199 

 Biological balance, disturbance by 



man, 209-210 

 Bisects, 50, 54 

 Black Hills vegetation, 269 

 Bluffs 



moisture-temperature and expo- 

 sure, 31 

 Bog 



development, 216 



drainage, cultivation, 209 



floating type, 216 



forest, 216, 311 



succession, 216 

 Boreal forest formation, 240-245 



Appalachian extension, 244-245 



climax, 240-241 



range and climate, 240 



successions, 241-244 



transitions, 243-244 

 Bouteloua, 268 



curtipendula, 292 



gracilis, 292, 293, 295, 296 



hirsuta, 292, 293, 295 

 Broad sclerophyll formation, 280-283 



broad sclerophyll forest, 280, 281 



chaparral, 280, 281, 282 



fires, 282-283 



ranges, distribution, climate, 280- 

 281 

 Bromus tectorum, 227, 297 

 Browse line, 201, 208-209, 355 

 Buffalo, as a factor, 202 

 Bulbilis dactyloides, 293, 295, 296 

 Buried forest, 112, 114 



Calamovilfa longifolia, 293 



Calcification (soil), 156-157 



Calciphiles, 183-184 



Calcium compounds, and soil, 183 

 tolerance to, 183 



Calliergon giganteum, 303 



Capillary capacity, 168 



Carbon dioxide 

 content of air, 75 

 relation to soil depth, 174 



Carex capillaris, 239 



nardina, 239 



rupestris, 239 

 Carnegiea gigantea, 288 

 Carnivorous plants, 257 

 Gary a alba, 254 



cordiformis, 254 



laciniosa, 254 



ovata, 254 

 Cassiope tetragona, 239 

 Castanea dentata, 251-252 

 Castajiopsis chrysophylla, 140, 281 

 Ceanothns, 268, 274, 275 



cuneatus, 282 

 Celtis spp., 255, 269 

 Cejichrus pauciflorus, 199 

 Cercidium microphyllwn, 288 

 Cercis canade?isis, 25 

 Cerococarpus, 268 



betidaeformis, 282 



ledifolius, 269 



parviflorus, 269 

 Chamaecy paris lawsoniana, 279 



thyoides, 257, 258 

 Chamaedaphne calyculata, 242 

 Chaparral, 28, 275, 280, 281-282-283 



and fire, 282-283 



growth form, 28 



leaf structure, 139 

 Characteristic species, 72 



indicator significance, 73 

 Chestnut blight, 190, 252 

 Chiogenes hispidula, 241 

 Chlorophyll and light, 135-136 

 Chrysopsis breweri, 272 

 Chrysothamnus piiberulus, 286 

 Circle of illumination, 116, 117, 118 

 Classification of communities 



basis of life, form, 20 



static and dynamic viewpoints, 1 7 

 Classification of vegetation tvpes 



associations, 225 



faciations, 225 



formations, 225 



lociations, 225 

 Cladonia leporina, 218 

 Climate 



and climax, 160, 224 



and soils, 157-161 



and vegetation, 15, 160 



kinds of plants, 28 

 Climatic factors 



air, 71-115 



control of growth form, 31-32 



