105 Trunk usually gray, smooth ; winter-buds tall, narrow, pointed, 



many-scaled BEECH (FAGUS) 



105 Trunk and winter-buds not as just described 106 



106 Leaf-buds (not catkins) stalked 107 



106 Leaf-buds not stalked, sessile Ill 



107 Winter-buds scaleless, at least after sheathing stipules drop off 108 

 107 Winter-buds showing 2 or 3 scales 109 



108 Leaves lop-sided at base ; widest above middle, wavy-toothed 



WITCH-HAZEL (HAMAMELIS) 

 108 Leaves not particularly lop-sided at base ; usually widest near 



middle, fine-toothed (SINOWILSONIA) 



109 Leaf-buds hairy, red or scurfy; stipule-scars almost equal in 



size ALDER (ALNUS) 



109 Leaf-buds hairy but not red or scurfy; stipule-scars unequal.... 110 



110 Leaves wavy-toothed above middle, oval, hairy on both sur- 

 faces, petioles 2-6 mm. long (PARROTIA) 



110 Leaves sharp-toothed, almost round, not hairy on upper surface 



when mature, petioles 6-12 mm. long (PARROTIOPSIS) 



111 End-bud scaleless, others 2-scaled ; bark gray, shredding 



EPAULETTE-TREE (PTEROSTYRAX) 



111 All buds scaleless (end and side) 112 



111 All buds scaled 114 



112 Buds usually superposed; leaf-margin usually faintly toothed 



above middle - STORAX (STYRAX) 



112 Buds solitary - 113 



113 Leaves rounded at base of blade, widest near middle; leaf-scar 

 crescent-shaped 



CASCARA SAGRADA, INDIAN CHERRY (RHAMNUS) 

 113 Leaves pointed at base of blade, widest above middle; leaf-scar 

 shield-shaped with flaring upper corners 



FRANKLINIA (GORDONIA) 



114 Winter-buds showing one scale WILLOW (SALIX) 



114 Winter-buds (exclusive of catkins) showing more than one 



scale 115 



19 



