128 - 



and carbohydrates are readily separable in solutions containing ionized, 

 complex- forming reagents such as borate and sulfite^*-'* o 



Electrochromatography is especially useful for the separation of 

 proteins, particularly the proteins of ser\imo For this purpose, elec- 

 trochromatography has become an indispensable clinical tool. With 

 conditions selected so that there is little or no sorption, there is 

 also little alteration or denaturation of the protein^* 5>o^ 



TWO-WAY ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY 



Electrical Migration in One Solution Followed by Transverse Migration 

 in Another Solution 



Separations that are incomplete after electrical migration in one 

 solution may be completed by a second migration transverse to the firsto 

 In this two-way electrochromatography, which is the electrical counter- 

 part of two=way chromatography, the solvent for the second, transverse 

 migration must be different from the solvent for the first migration. 

 This variation may be achieved by alteration of the pH or by the addi- 

 tion of complex-forming or chelating reagents to the solutionso As in 

 two-way chromatography, the separations by two-way electrochromatography 

 are carried out most conveniently in sheets of filter paper, particularly 

 in soft thick paper^j^l, (See Figure V,8o) 



Two-way electrochromatography has served for the separation of 

 inorganic ions and also for the separation of organic substances such 

 as amino acids o A typical separation of inorganic cations is illus- 

 trated by Figure V,8o 



