232 MEDUSAE OF THE WORLD. 



Subfamily Phialinje: Eucopidse with more or less than 8 lithocysts. Manubrium without a well-developed peduncle. 



Clytia Lamouroux, i%u = Epenthesis McCrady. 16 tentacles alternating with 16 closed, vesicular lithocysts. No cirri. 4 



radial-canals. Hydroid: Clytia. 

 Phialidium Leuckart, 1856= Oceania L. Agassiz, 1862. 16 or more tentacles, and even more numerous closed vesicular 



lithocysts. No cirri. No permanently rudimentary tentacle-bulbs. 4 radial-canals. Hydroid: Campanulina Van 



Beneden. 

 Phialucium Maas, 1905. Similar to Phialidium, but with some permanently rudimentary tentacle-bulbs upon bell-margin. 



Hydroid unknown. 

 Phialopsis Torrey, 1909. Similar to Phialucium but with cirri upon the bell-margin. 

 Blackfordia Mayer. Numerous tentacles and numerous closed vesicular lithocysts. Entodermal cores of some or all 



tentacles project inward into gelatinous substance of bell. 4 radial-canals. No cirri. Hydroid unknown. No 



permanently rudimentary tentacles. 

 Pseudoclvtia Mayer, 1900. 5 radial-canals, 5 lips, 5 gonads. Numerous tentacles and lithocysts. Hydroid unknown. 

 Gastroblasta Keller, 1883. With 2 or more manubria. Numerous lithocysts and tentacles. No cirri. Hydroid unknown. 

 Eucheilota McCrady, 1857. 4 or more closed vesicular lithocysts and 4 or more tentacles, with marginal or lateral cirri. 4 



radial-canals. Hydroid unknown. 

 Mitrocoma Haeckel, 1864 = Phialis + Microcomium+ Mitrocomella + Milrocoma Haeckel, 1879. Lithocysts open folds of 



velum. Numerous tentacles with marginal or lateral cirri. 4 radial-canals. Hydroid: Cuspidella Hincks. 

 Staurophora Brandt, 1834= Slaurosloma + Slaurophora Haeckel, 1879. Mouth an open, cruciform, gutter-like slit 



extending along the 4 radial-canals. Gonads developed in curtain-like walls of mouth. Numerous lithocysts sunken 



within ectoderm of subumbrella side of velum. 



Subfamily Eutimtn/e i 8 adradial lithocysts. Stomach mounted upon a long gelatinous peduncle. Tentacles arise from bell- 

 margin. 

 Saphenia Eschscholtz, 1819. With 2 well-developed, radially placed tentacles, 180° apart. Numerous cirri. Gonads 



upon the 4 radial-canals. Hydroid unknown. 

 Eutima McCrady, 1857 = Eulima+ Eutimeta+Octorchis + Octorchandra + Eutimalphes Haeckel, 1879. With 4 or more 



tentacles. Numerous cirri or marginal warts. 4 or 8 gonads upon the 4 radial-canals. 

 Eutimium= Eutimium+ Oclorchidium Haeckel, 1879. with 4 or more tentacles. No cirri. 4 or 8 gonads upon the 4 

 radial-canals. 



Subfamily Eirenin^ : More than 8 lithocysts. Stomach mounted upon a long gelatinous peduncle. Tentacles arise from bell- 

 margin. 

 Phortis McCrady, 1857. 4 or more tentacles without marginal or lateral cirri. Gonads on 4 radial-canals. Hydroid: 



Pharlis Brooks, 1882. 

 Irenopsis Goette, 1886. 6 or more tentacles, 6 gonads on the 6 radial-canals, 6 lips. No cirri. Hydroid unknown. 

 Eirene Eschscholtz, 1829 = Irene + Irenium Haeckel, 1879. 4 or more tentacles, numerous marginal warts or cirri. 4 or 



8 gonads which occupy only limited portions of the 4 radial-canals. Hydroid: Campanulina ? 

 Tima Eschscholtz. 1829. Similar to Eirene, but gonads occupy entire lengths of the 4 radial-canals. Hydroid: 

 Campanulina ? 



Subfamily OBELIN-rE. 

 Eucopidae with 8 adradial lithocysts. Manubrium without a peduncle. 



Genus EUCOPELLA von Lendenfeld, 1883. 



Eucopella, von Lendenfeld, 1883, Zeit. fur wissen. Zool., Bd. 38, p. 497; 1884, Proc. Linnean Soc. New South Wales, vol. 9, 

 p. 607. — Hartlaub, 1905, Zoolog. Jahrbuchern, Suppl. 6, p. 568. 



Eucopella is distinguished from Campanularia by its free-swimming medusa. In other 

 respects the hydroid of Eucopella is a true Campanularia. The type species is Eucopella 

 bilabiata from Australia. It is probable that this species ranges from Australia to Alaska 

 and California. It was first described by Coughtrey from New Zealand under the name 



"Campanularia bilabiata." 



GENERIC CHARACTERS. 



Eucopidse without manubrium and without tentacles. With 8 adradial lithocysts. With 

 4 radial-canals which give rise to blindly ending side branches. Gonads developed upon side 

 branches of radial-canals. Exumbrella with longitudinal ridges. 



The hydroid is closely related to Campanularia, but the blastostyles do not produce sessile 

 sporosacs, but give rise to free medusae. The blastostyle of Eucopella exhibits 4 radial tubes 

 between which the medusa-buds are developed. 



The medusa; of Eucopella are comparable in their degeneracy to Agastra, but in Agastra 

 we find rudimentary tentacle-bulbs, whereas even these are absent in Eucopella. 



The hydroid described by Hartlaub, 1905, Zoolog. Jahrbuchern, Suppl. 6, p. 569, fig. 

 R 1, as Eucopella reticulata, appears not to produce free medusae and belongs therefore to the 

 genus Campanularia. 



