LEPTOMEDUS.'E — EUCHEILOTA. 2S5 



Eucheilota maculata Hartlaub. 



Euchilota maculata, Hartlaub, 1894, Wisscn. Meeresuntersuch. Komm. Meere Kiel, Helgoland, Neue Folge, Bel. I, p. 193; Ibid., 



1897, Neue Folge, Bd. 2, p. 499, taf. 20, fign. 4-8. 

 (?) Campanulina hincksii, Hartlaub, 1897, Wissen. Meeresuntersuch. Kommis. Meere Kiel, Helgoland, Neue Folge, Bd. 2, 



p. 496, taf. 21, fig. 1 — 17; taf. 22, fign. 11 (hydroid and young medusa of (?) Eucheilota maculata). 



Mature medusa, Eucheilota maculata. — Bell somewhat flatter than a hemisphere, about 

 13 mm. wide. Gelatinous substance thick above, but thin at sides of bell. 16 to 30 tentacles 

 with well-developed, tapering, basal bulbs, flanked by cirri. These tentacles are about three 

 times as long as bell-diameter. Cirri arise from the bell-margin between the tentacles. The 

 lithocysts are upon the bell-margin alternating with the tentacles. Each lithocyst usually con- 

 tains 5 or 6 concretions, but there may be as many as 10. Stomach short, 4 well-developed, 

 recurved lips. The 4 linear gonads are developed upon the outer two-thirds of the 4 radial- 

 canals, but do not extend to the ring-canal. 



The tentacle-bulbs and gonads are light reddish-brown. On each interradial wall of the 

 stomach there is a large black "ocellus-like" spot. 



Found at Helgoland, German Ocean, from August until October. 



As Hartlaub states, the hydroid of this species is probably Campanulina hincksii. Both 

 hydroid and medusa are well described, in detail, by Hartlaub, 1897. 



(?) Young medusa immediately after being set free from the hydroid. — Bell 0.4 mm. wide 

 and quite high, rounded with thin walls. 4 long, radial tentacles with thick bulbs, and 4 short 

 interradial cirri. 8 adradial lithocysts each with I concretion. Velum wide. 4 narrow radial 

 canals. Manubrium short, tapering, with 4 simple lips. No peduncle. Base of the stomach 

 and tentacle-bulbs are yellowish-brown. 



The hydroid Campanulina hincksii Hartlaub is distinguished chiefly by its having as 

 many as 5 medusa-buds in each gonangium. The stems are about 5 mm. high, with long, 

 cylindrical hydranths, each with 16 to 20 long, filiform tentacles. Helgoland, German Ocean, 

 July. Described in detail by Hartlaub, 1897. 



Eucheilota paradoxica Mayer. 



Plate 37, figs. 3-3". 



Eucheilota paradoxica, Mater, 1900, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 37, p. 56, figs. 134-136, plate 40; 1904, 

 Museum Brooklyn Institute Mem. Nat. Sci., vol. 1, p. 16, plate 3, figs. 17, 18; plate 7, fig. 65. 



Mature medusa. — Bell about 4 mm. in diameter, and in shape fuller than a hemisphere, 

 with a slight apical projection. 4 large, radially situated tentacles, each flanked by 2 short 

 coiled cirri. The basal bulbs of these tentacles are large and hollow. There are also 4 inter- 

 radial, rudimentary tentacle-bulbs, each flanked bya pair of cirri. 8adradial lithocysts, 2 in each 

 quadrant, each lithocyst bearing a single concretion. 4 straight, slender radial-canals in the 

 middle of each of which the small, swollen gonads are situated. Manubrium small and flask- 

 shaped, with 4 simple lips. Color of entoderm of stomach, gonads, and tentacle-bulbs dull 

 milky-green. 



In the young medusa, the gonads are adjacent to the manubrium, but they finally migrate 

 down the radial-canals so as to come to lie upon the middle of each canal. Medusa-buds arise 

 from these gonads. When set free each medusa has 4 well-developed, radially situated ten- 

 tacles as in the adult, but the interradial tentacle-bulbs lack lateral cirri (plate 37, fig. 3). A 

 number of budding medusae were killed in Flemming's fluid and sectioned, and it appears that 

 both entoderm and ectoderm of the gonad of the parent take part in the formation of the bud 

 which is thus formed, as are the medusa-buds of Sarsia or those of the hydroids (plate 37, fig. 

 3"). Even before they are set free the gonads of the daughter medusae begin to develop 

 medusa-buds. 



This and Eirene medusifera are the only known Leptomedusae which develop medusa- 

 buds directly upon their gonads, although Phialidium mccradyi Brooks develops hydroid 

 blastostyles in this situation. Also Keferstein, 1863 (Zeit. fur wissen. Zool., Bd. 12, p. 28, 

 taf. 2, fig. 9), describes an Epenthesis from St. Vaast, coast of Normandy, under the name 

 of Eucope gemmigera, and figures a medusa-bud arising from an interradial side of the stomach. 

 In his paper, however, he states that he did not observe whether the medusa-bud arose from 

 the upper part of the stomach or from the radial-canal. He states that the medusa is abun- 



