300 MEDUSA OF THE WORLD. 



Eutima curva Browne. 



Eutima curva, Browne, 1905, Report Pearl Oyster Fisheries, Gulf of Manaar, p. 138, plate 3, figs. 1-3. 



Bell 10 mm. wide, 6 mm. high, walls quite thick. 4 radially placed tentacles with long, 

 tapering, cone-shaped, laterally compressed, basal bulbs, which curve upward over margin of 

 umbrella. 30 to 35 marginal bulbs on each quadrant of the margin, with usually one, occa- 

 sionally 2, coiled cirri alongside each bulb. 8 adradial lithocysts, each with 8 to 10 concre- 

 tions arranged in a semicircle. 4 narrow radial-canals. Peduncle as long as bell-diameter, 

 4-sided, pyramidal above, prismatic below. Stomach small, about twice as long as wide, with 

 4 small lips with sinuous margins. 4 gonads along nearly the entire length of the prismatic 

 lower part of the peduncle over the 4 radial-canals. Mature ( ?) Tentacle-bulbs have 

 blackish pigment at their apices. Found off Mutwal Island, west coast of Ceylon in March. 

 Only one specimen observed. 



Eutima elephas. 



Plate 40, figs. 1 to 1". 



Eutimium elephas, Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 190, taf. 12, fign. 10-12. 



Eutimium serpentinum, Mayer, 1900, Bull. Museum Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 37, p. 58, plate 23, figs. 69-72. 



Bell 16 to 20 mm. wide, with flaring sides, conically rounded apex and thick gelatinous 

 walls. 4 radially placed, filamentous tentacles, each about 1.5 times as long as bell-diameter. 

 8 large lithocysts, 2 in each quadrant, each with about 8 to 10 concretions arranged in a cres- 

 centic line within cavity of concretion. No marginal cirri, but numerous minute, wart-like 

 thickenings upon bell-margin. Velum well developed. Peduncle 3 or 4 times as long as bell- 

 diameter. Upper end of peduncle conical, then follows a long, narrow, 4-sided, prismatic part 

 which bears trie short, urn-shaped, 4-sided stomach. There are 4 recurved, slightly tolded lips. 

 The 4 narrow radial-canals extend straight from the marginal canal down the angles of the 

 peduncle to the corners of the stomach. The gonads are found upon the narrow, elongate, 

 prismatic part of the peduncle, where they lie on both sides of each of the radial-canals. 



Stomach light-greenish. The margins of lips, angles of stomach, canal system, and 

 tentacles are beautiful verdigris or emerald green. (See text-figure 163.) 



Haeckel found this medusa at Helgoland, German Ocean, in 1854. An apparently 

 identical medusa appears each year in surface-tows at Tortugas, Florida, in July. The only 

 difference between the Tortugas medusa and that of Haeckel is that the Tortugas form is 

 dull opaque, bluish-white, or dull-green in color, and I have never observed the brilliant 

 coloration described in the Helgoland form. While one may reasonably hesitate to group 

 under one specific name creatures so remotely separated geographically, yet the difference 

 between the two forms appears so slight as to incline one to regard it at most as of varietal 

 rather than specific value, especially as green and milky-white are alternate colors in other 

 species of Eutima, such as E. mira. The presence of marginal warts upon the bell-rim is a 

 character which obliges us to place this medusa in the genus Eutima. It is distinguished by 

 its very long, narrow, cylindrical peduncle. Hydroid is unknown. 



Eutima lactea. 



Eutimeta lactea, Bicelow, 1904, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 39, p. 253, plate 2, figs. 7, 8. 



Bell thin, rounded to conical, 9 mm. wide, 4.5 mm. high. 8 tentacles, the 4 radial ones 

 being about as long as bell-diameter, the 4 interradial ones shorter. Tentacle bases have 

 lateral spurs. Also about 24 small papillae on bell-margin, none having lateral cirri. 8 

 lithocysts, each with 4 or 5 concretions. Peduncle slender and almost as long as the bell-diame- 

 ter. Stomach cylindrical, two-thirds as long as bell-height. Mouth with 4 slightly foliated lips. 

 The 4 large, swollen gonads occupy the middle two-thirds of the radial-canals on the peduncle. 



Bell nearly colorless. Tentacles and manubrium are of a bluish tinge and the gonads 

 are opaque, milky white. Maldive Islands, Indian Ocean; December. 



This species is most closely related to E. gentiana Haeckel, from the Canary Islands, 

 but has smaller marginal cirri and a bell differing in shape. It differs from E. levuka of 

 Fiji in the position of its gonads, for in E. levuka these are on the 4 radial-canals near the 

 ring-canal, while in E. lactea they are confined to the peduncle. (See text-figure 164.) 



