314 MEDUS2E OF THE WORLD. 



in process of development. All of the tentacles and knobs are flanked by one or two pairs 

 of lateral cirri. The lithocysts are about as numerous as the tentacles and alternate with 

 them. Each contains 2 to 5 or more spherical concretions. The peduncle is conical and 

 reaches to level of bell opening. Manubrium short, with 4 simple lips. The 4 radial- 

 canals are straight and slender. The 4 cylindrical gonads occupy the distal thirds of the 

 radial-canals, but do not quite extend to the bell-margin. Clusters of medusa buds develop 

 upon the gonads. When set free each budded medusa has 4 tentacles flanked by cirri, but 

 has no peduncle. Gonads and manubrium pale yellowish, other parts colorless. Common in 

 Acapulco Harbor, Pacific coast of Mexico. This species and Eucheilota paradoxica are 

 the only Leptomedusae known to produce free medusa buds. 



Genus TIMA Eschscholtz, 1829. 



Tima, Eschscholtz, 1829, Syst. der Acalephen, p. 103.— de Blainville, 1834, Manuel d'Actinologie, p. 285. — Lesson, 1843, 

 Hist. Zooph. Acal., p. 333.— Forbes, 1848, British Naked-eyed Medusae, p. 37. — Agassiz, L., 1862, Cont. Nat. Hist. U. S., 

 vol. 4, p.362.— Agassiz, A., 1865, North Amer. Acal., p. 113.— Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, P- 203— Bedot, 1905, 

 Revue Suisse de Zool., tome 13, p. 152. — Browne, 1906, Trans. Linnean Soc. London, ser. 2, Zool., vol. 10, p. 170. 



This genus was founded by Eschscholtz, 1829, for Tima flavilabris of the North Atlantic 

 Ocean, north of the Azores, but Tima (Diantsa) lucullana Delle Chiaje, 1822, which is 

 better known, had best be taken as the type of the genus. 



GENERIC CHARACTERS. 



Eucopidae with more than 8 lithocysts and with 4 or more tentacles with a band of longi- 

 tudinal muscles on their velar sides. There are numerous warts or cirri upon the bell-margin. 

 The 4 gonads are developed upon the entire lengths of the 4 radial-canals. The stomach is 

 mounted upon a gelatinous peduncle. The hydroid is probably Campanulina. 



This genus is closely related to Eirene, but is distinguished by having the gonads upon the 

 entire lengths of the radial-canals instead of being developed only upon restricted lengths of 

 the canals as in Eirene. The chief distinction between these genera is, however, that in Tima 

 each tentacle has a well-developed band of longitudinal muscle fibers upon its axial, inner 

 (velar) side. 



Tima lucullana. 



Diancea lucullana, Delle Chiaje, 1822, Mem. Storia e Notomia Anim. senza Vert. Regno Napoli, tav. 74, figs. 1, 2. 



Geryonia pellucida, Will, 1844, Horae tergestinae, p. 70, taf. 2, fig. 8. 



Geryonopsis pellucida, Forbes, 1848, British Naked-eyed Medusae, p. 40. 



Tima pellucida, Gegenbaur, 1856, Zeit. fiir wissen. Zool., Bd. 8, p. 253. 



Irene pellucida, Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 201, taf. 12, fign. 1, 2; also, Tima cari, 1864, Jena. Zeit. fiir Naturwis., 



Bd. 1, p. 332. 

 Irene (Tima) pellucida, Claus, 1881, Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Wien, Bd. 4, p. 102, taf. 3, fign. 21-30 (growth of the medusa). 

 Tima pellucida (Campanulina acuminata), Graeffe, 1884, Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Wien, Bd. 5, p. 358. 



( ?) Irene pellucida, Goette, 1886, Sitzungsber. Akad. Wissen. Berlin, Jahrg. 1886, p. 833 (from the coast of Zanzibar). 

 Tima pellucida, Metschnikoff, E., 1886, Embryol. Studien an Medusen, Wien, p. 54, etc. (early development of the larva). 



The following description is derived from a study of a well-preserved specimen of this 

 medusa collected at a considerable depth in the Bay of Naples by Dr. S. Lobianco of the 

 Stazione Zoologica. 



Bell 74 mm. wide, flatter than a hemisphere, with relatively thin walls; 10 to 13, usually 

 12, tentacles in each quadrant, which tentacles when contracted are about one-third as long as 

 bell-radius; each tentacle bends sharply inward toward the center of the bell at a short 

 distance beyond its point of origin. A well-defined strand of longitudinal muscle-fibers 

 extends down the velar (axial) side of each tentacle. There is a deep, longitudinal groove 

 down the abaxial (exumbrella) side of each tentacle. There are numerous elongate, wart- 

 like nematocyst swellings, extending obliquely across the tentacles on both sides ot this abaxial 

 groove. In addition to the tentacles there are about 7 times as many (336) small, wart-like, 

 rudimentary tentacles upon the bell-margin. (See text-figure 177.) 



Haeckel states that there are 40 to 60 lithocysts, each with 2 to 4 concretions, but I believe 

 his studies are based upon immature medusae. Unfortunately the formalin, in which Dr. 

 Lobianco's specimen is preserved, has destroyed the lithocysts. The velum is of only moder- 

 ate width. 



