326 



MEDUSA OF THE WORLD. 



Mquorea violacea, Graeffe, 1884, Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Wien, Bd. 5, p. 359. 



Mquorea forskalii, Metschnikoff, E., 1886, Embryo]. Studien an Medusen, Wien, p. 23 (egg), 34 (segmentation), 54 (formation 



of entoderm); 1886, Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Wien, p. 262. 

 Mesonema bairdii, Fewkes, 1886, Report U. S. Fish Commission for 1884, p. 962. 

 Polycanna forskalea, Browne, 1897, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 828. 



Mquorea forskalea + M. norvegica + M. vhrina, Browne, 1903, Bergens Museums Aarbog, No. 4, pp. 20, 21. 

 Staurobrachium stauroglyphum (abnormal medusa with a 4-cornered mouth ?), Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 225. 

 ( ?) Polycanna rissoana, Maas, 1904, Result. Camp. Sci. Prince de Monaco, fasc. 28, p. 24, planche 6, fig. 44. 



SYNONYMS OF MEDUSA FROM AMERICAN ATLANTIC WATERS. 



Zygodactyla cyanea, Agassiz, L., 1862, Cont. Nat. Hist.U. S.,vol.4, p. 361.— Agassiz, A., 1865, North Amer. Acal., p. 107, fig. 



159. — Mayer, 1900, Bull. Museum Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 37, p. 60, plate 11, figs. 23, 23a; plate 15, figs. 



33, 34; 1904, Mem. Nat. Sci. Museum Brooklyn Inst. Arts and Sci., vol. I, p. 17, plate 3, figs. 26, 27. 

 Mesonema cyanea, Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 227. 



Polycanna americana, Fewkes, 1889, Report U. S. Commiss. Fish and Fisheries for 1886, p. 523, 

 Rhacosloma dispar (injured and regenerating medusa), Mayer, 1900, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 37, p. 61, 



plate 13, figs. 27-29. 

 (?) Crematostoma flava, Agassiz, A., 1865, North American Acalepha-, p. 108, fig. 159a. 



MF.DUS.-E FROM THE PACIFIC WHICH MAY POSSIBLY PROVE TO BE IDENTICAL WITH X. FORSKALEA. 



(?) Mquorea eurhodina, Peron et Lesueur, 1809, Annal. du Mus. Hist. Nat., tome 14, p. 336. — Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der 



Medusen, p. 220. 

 ( ?) Mquorea cyanea, de Blainville, 1834, Man. Actinologie, p. 277, plate 32, fig. 2. 

 ( ? ?) Zygodactyla (Mesonema) cccrulescens, Brandt, 1838, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, ser. 6, Sci. Math, et Nat., tome 



4, p. 360, plate 5. 

 (?) Mquorea ctrrtileseens, Torrey, 1909, University California Publications, Zool., vol. 6, p. 28. 



Fig. 185. — Hydroid and medusa of "Zygodactyla vitrina," 



after Hincks, in British Hydroid Zoophytes. This is 



probably Mquorea forskalea. 

 Fig. 186. — Mquorea forskalea, from preserved specimen collected 



by Dr. Lobianco in the Bay of Naples. Drawn by the 



author. 

 Fig. 187. — "Zygodactyla cyanea," after A. Agassiz, in North 



American Acalepha?. This is probably Mquorea forskalea. 



This medusa has been studied most carefully by Claus, 1 881 , 1883, and Browne, 1897. 

 It is highly variable both in form and color, and Claus has given reason for the belief that 

 Haeckel's JEquorea discus, M. violacea, JE. forskalea, Polycanna fungia, P. germanica, P. 

 italica, P. vitrina, and Mesonema eurystoma are only stages in the growth of or local or 

 color varieties of ALquorea forskalea. Octocanna represents the youngest and Mesonema 



