TRACHYMEDUSjE — LIKIUl'K. 



413 



Other forms may be conveniently grouped about these five types and classified as varie- 

 ties. As Vanhoffen himself states, however, this system is not wholly satisfactory, for the 

 gonads are themselves variable and change in shape from egg-shaped-triangular to heart- 

 shaped as growth proceeds and the groups merge one into the other. For example, I have 

 seen specimens of Liriope catharinensis with both maple-leaf-shaped and elliptical gonads 

 in one and the same individual. Color, size, and number of tentacles are worthless as 

 specific distinctions. 



Liriope minima appears to be the smallest and L. rosacea the largest species, but it should 

 be borne in mind that size in medusae is largely influenced by the food-supply and that the 

 same species of medusa may attain to maturity when small or when of large size, dependent 

 upon its success in obtaining food. 



Liriope exigua. 

 Plate 52, figs. 2 to 4; plate 53, fig. 4? 



Dlanxa exigua, Quoy et Gaimard, 1827, Annal. des Sci. Nat. Zool., tome 10, planche 6, figs. 5-8.— Oken, 1828, Ibid., p. 342; 



taf. 5, fign. 5-8. 

 Geryonia exigua, Eschscholtz, 1829, Syst. der Acal., p. 89. 

 Liriope exigua, Gegenbaur, 1856, Zeit. fiir wissen. Zool., Bd. 8, p. 257. 

 Liriope cerasijormis, Lesson, 1843, Zooph. Acalephes, p. 332— Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 289.— Maas, 1S91, Sitz. 



Ber. Akad. Wissen. Berlin, p. 336.— Maas, 1893, Ergeb. der Plankton Exped., Bd. 2, K.c, p. 35, taf. 2, fign. 5, 6; taf. 



3, fign. 1-3, 8-10. 

 Liriope scutigera, Fewkes, 1881, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 8, No. 8, p. 162, plate 6, figs. 7, 10, II. 

 ( >) Liriope mucronala, Gegenbaur, 1856, Zeit. fur wissen . Zool ., Bd. 8, p. 257, taf. S, fig. 17 (young stage of L. exigua ?). 

 (')Glossocodon mucronatum, Hfrtwig, O., und R., 1878, Nervensyst. Sinnesorgane Medusen. 

 ( ?) Liriope cerasus, Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 289, plate 18, fig. 15. 

 Geryonia appendiculaia, Forbes, 1848, British Naked-eyed Medusa-, p. 36, plate 5, figs. i-ih. 

 Liriope appendiculaia, Gegfnbacr, 1856, Zeit. fiir wissen. Zool., Bd. 8, p. 257. 

 Liriantha appendiculaia, Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 287.— Browne, 1896, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 495 (stages 



in growth). 

 (?)Geryonia bicolor, Eschscholtz, 1829, Syst. der Acal., p. 89, taf. II, fig. 1. 



For description of the varieties or races of L. exigua, see synoptic table of the species 

 of Liriope. The peduncle in this form is about as long as the bell-diameter and ranges 

 from being narrow and nearly cylindrical to having a wide 

 flaring base and narrow, slightly tapering conical sides. 



264. 



Fig. 263. — "Liriope bicolor," after Eschscholtz, 1829= L. exigua. 



Fig. 264. — "Liriope appendiculata," after Forbes, 1848 = /-. exigua. 



Fig. 265. — "Liriope cerasus," after Haeckel, in Syst. der Medusen = L. exigua. 



The tropical Atlantic specimens have a more or less regularly tapering conical peduncle, 

 /hereas those of the Mediterranean have a peduncle with a widely flaring base and only 



33 



