TRACHYMEDUS.E — LIRIOPE. 421 



the gonads themselves. There are 3 centripetal canals in each interradial quadrant. South 

 Equatorial and Guinea Stream, Atlantic Ocean. 



Liriope catharinensis F. Miiller. 



Plate 50, figs. 1 to 6. 



Liriope catharinensis, Mullf.r, F., 1859, Archiv. fiir Naturges., Jahrg. 25, Bd. I, pp. 310, 316, taf. 1 1, 25 fign.— Acassiz, T.., 1862, 

 Cont. Nat. Hist. U. S., vol. 4, p. 365. — Maas, 1893, Ergebnisse der Plankton Expedition, Bd. 2, K. c, p. 37, taf. 2, 



fign- 7» 9- 

 Glossocodon catharincnsis, Haeckel, 1864, Jena. Zeitsch. fiir Naturw., Bd. I, p. 461; 1864, Familie der Riisselquallen, p. 27. 

 Lirianlha catharincnsis, Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 287. 



Medusa is bell-shaped, thick walled, 6 to 12 mm. in diameter, and 4 to 9 mm. in height. 

 There are 4 radially situated, hollow tentacles, each somewhat longer than bell-diameter. The 

 4 interradial, solid tentacles are very short. The peduncle is narrow, cylindrical, with a trum- 

 pet-shaped, flaring base, and is about half as long as the bell-diameter. Stomach short, with 

 4 simple, nematocyst-studded lips, and with a short, pointed tongue in the throat. There are 

 4 radial-canals and 3 short, interradial, centripetal vessels in each quadrant. The 4 gonads are 

 leaf-like, usually elliptical or egg-shaped, and do not quite extend to bell-margin, though 

 developed upon the outer, subumbrella lengths of the 4 radial-canals. Stomach, mouth, and 

 tentacles pale-green or red. (See text-figure 277.) 



This form is found off the coast of Brazil at Santa Catharina Island, where it was dis- 

 covered and described by Fritz Miiller. The Plankton Expedition found it in abundance 

 ofFthe Brazilian coast from the mouth of the Amazon southward. It is exceedingly common in 

 Chesapeake Bay and Pamlico Sound in the autumn, thriving well in the brackish waters of 

 numerous estuaries along the southern Atlantic coast of the United States. In August it is 

 drifted by southerly winds upon the southern coast of New England. I found it at Jamaica, 

 West Indies, in March, 1909. 



The gonads are usually oval or elliptical, but vary greatly in shape. The specimen here 

 figured had 2 egg-shaped, 1 elliptical, and I "maple-leaf-shaped" gonads. 



Maas, 1893, finds that this medusa may become sexually mature while still retaining all 

 12 of its tentacles. Usually, however, the 4 hollow, secondary, radial, and the 4 solid, inter- 

 radial tentacles are all that remain, the original, 4 solid, radial ones having disappeared in 



early life. 



Liriope indica Bigelow. 



Liriope indica, Bic.elow, H. B., 1904, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 39, p. 258, plate 5, figs. 17, 18. 

 Liriope hyalina (immature?), Agassiz and Maver, 1899, Ibid., vol. 32, p. 166, plate 9, fig. 32. 



See synoptic table of the species of Liriope. 



This form is distinguished by its shield-shaped gonads, pointed at both ends. The gonads 

 are upon the middle three-fourths of the subumbrella lengths of the radial-canals, not touching 

 the ring-canal or the base of the peduncle. The peduncle is cylindrical and about as long as 

 the bell-radius. Indian Ocean, open parts of the tropical Pacific. (See text-figure 279.) 



Liriope haeckelii. 



Glossocodon haeckelii, Goette, 1886, Sitzungsber. Akad. W'issenschaft. zu Berlin, Jahrg. 1886, p. 833. 



This form resembles L. liitkenii Haeckel, but the gonads are shield-shaped, or widely 

 band-like, without reentrant angles and angular points. The distance between the gonads is 

 greater than their own width. There are 3 centripetal canals in each quadrant, the middle 

 one being much wider and longer than the 2 beside it. Coast of Zanzibar, East Africa. 



Liriope scutigera McCrady. 

 Plate 50, figs. 7 to 10; plate 51, fig. 1. 



Liriope scutigera, McCrady, 1857, Gymn. Charleston Harbor, p. 106. — Acassiz, L., 1862, Cont. Nat. Hist.U. S., vol.4, P- 365. — 

 Brooks, 1886, Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, No. 12, pp. 27;, 383, plates 41, 42.— Maas, 1893, Ergeb. der Plank- 

 ton Exped., Bd. 2, K. c, p. 36, taf. 2, fig. 1. 



Xanthea scutigera, Haeckel, 1864, Geryoniden, p. 24. Also: Lirianlha scutigera, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 287. 



Glossocodon tenuirostris, Fewkes, 1882, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 9, No. 7, p. 278, plate 7, figs. 1-9; 

 1884, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 11, No. 3, figs. 4-7, plate c. — Acassiz, A., 1888, Bull. Mus. Comp. 

 Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 14, p. 186, figs. 94, 96. — Hargitt, 1 904, Bull. U. S.Bureau of Fisheries, vol. 24, p. 57, I fig. — 

 Mayer, 1900, Bull. Museum Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 37, p. 65, plate 24, figs. 75-78. 



