454 MEDUSA OF THE WORLD. 



nating in position with the 4 peronia and tentacles. Gonads ( ?) Medusa colorless. A single 

 specimen from between 2,235 fathoms and the surface off" the coast of Peru to Equador, South 

 America. Apparently immature. 



Young medusa: jEgina aeginoides. 



Cunarcha xginoides, Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 315; 1881, Report on Deep-sea Medusa-, Challenger Expedition, 

 p. 24, plate 9, figs. 1-8. 



Immature medusa.— Bell flat, cup-shaped, 4 mm. wide, 2 mm. high. A deep, coronal 

 furrow separates the thick, upper, flatly dome-shaped apex of the bell from the thin, lappeted 

 margin. 4 stiff tentacles, about as long as bell-diameter, arise from the coronal furrow, and 

 their roots are inserted into the gelatinous substance above the central stomach. Their 

 entodermal cores consist of a single row of vacuolated, chordate cells. The distal ends of the 

 tentacles are club-shaped and bear long bristles. There are 4 peronial furrows in the radii of 

 the 4 tentacles and an urticating ring extends out from these around the margins of the 4 

 lappets. There are 12 sensory-clubs, 3 on the margin of each lappet. The median club of 

 each quadrant is about twice as large as the two that flank it. Each club contains a single 

 crystalline concretion of entodermal origin. The club arises from a ciliated cushion and above 

 this is a very large sensory tract, or otoporpa, extending up the exumbrella side of the lappet. 

 The otoporpa of the median sense-club extends almost half the distance from the margin 

 toward the coronal furrow. Velum wide. Stomach elongate, conical, with 4 lips. The mouth 

 projects beyond the velar opening. The central stomach gives rise to 4 main radial pouches 

 in the radii of the 4 tentacles. These 4 main pouches are deeply cleft in the 4 intertentacular 

 radii and also by the roots of the tentacles, so that there are 8 outermost stomach-pouches. 

 The gonads are developed in the subumbrella ectoderm of the 8 peripheral stomach-pouches. 

 The medusa is colorless. 



Found at the Canary Islands, off the west coast of Africa and south of the Azores. 



Haeckel states that a peripheral, peronial canal-system is present, but his figures of cross- 

 sections do not appear to show this, and that which he describes as a marginal canal seems 

 to be merely the distal end of a stomach-pouch. This medusa shows every evidence of 

 immaturity and may be regarded as a young jEgina. 



Cunantha primigenia Haeckel, 1879 (p. 314, taf. 19, fig. 1), is a still younger stage of 

 Mgina, with only 4 sensory-clubs and with the gonads only beginning to appear in the 4 

 interradii of the stomach. In other respects it so closely resembles JEgina aginoides that one 

 is inclined to believe that it may be an early stage of the latter. 



Genus SOLMUNDELLA Haeckel, sens. Maas. 



Non Mginopsis, Brandt, 1835, Prodrom. Descript. Anim. Mertens, p. 12- Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 342. 



Myneliai Solmundella, Haeckel, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, pp. 340, 349, 352. 



Moinopsis, MUller, J., 1851, Archiv. fur Anat. und Physiol., pp. 272, 277.- Kolliker, 1853, Zeit. fur wissen. Zool., Bd. 4, 

 p. 320.— Gegenbaur, 1856, Zeit. fur wissen. Zool., Bd. 8, p. 266.— Leuckart, 1856, Archiv. fiir Naturgesch., Jahrg. 22, 

 p. 33.— Mftschnikoff, 1874, Zeit. fur wissen. Zool., Bd. 24, p. 26.— Hertwig, O. und R., 1878, Sinnesorgane und Ner- 

 vensvst. der Medusen, pp. 1 1, 17, 33 (histology).- Graffe, 1884, Arbeit. Zool. Inst. Wien, Bd. 5, p. 3 6o.-Metschnikoff, 

 1886, Embryolog. Studien an Medusen, Wien, pp. 23, 35, 62, 100— Maas, 1893, Ergeb. der Plankton Exped., Bd. 2, K. c, 



P- S3- 



Mpinella, preoccupied for Crustacea by Kriiyer, 1838. 



Mginella, Agassiz and Mayer, 1899, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 32, p. 166; Mayer, Ibid., 1900, vol. 

 37, p. 66. — Bigelow, 1904, Ibid., vol. 39, p. 261. 



Campanella (in part), de Blainville, 1834, Man. d'Actinologie, p. 286. 



Campanella, preoccupied by Goldfuss, 1820, for Infusoria. 



Campanella, Agassiz, L., 1862, Cont. Nat. Hist. U. S., vol. 4, pp. 169, 170. 



Non Campanella, Lesson, 1843, Hist. Zooph. Acal., p. 281— Agassiz, A., 1865, North Amer. Acal., p. 52. 



Solmundella, Maas, 1893, F - r ? eb - der Plankton Expedition, Bd. 2, K.c, p. c 4 ; Ibid., 1905, Craspedoten Medusen der S.boga 

 Expedition, Monog. 10, pp. 69, 72; 1904, Result. Camp. Sci. Prince de Monaco, fasc. 28, p. 34; 1906, Expedition Antarc- 

 tic S.Y. Bel^ica, Medusen, p. 1 1, Anvers— Browne, 1904, Fauna and Geog. Maldivc and Laccadive Archipelagoes, 

 vol.2, p. 741; Ibid., 1905, Report on Pearl Oyster Fisheries, Gulf of Manaar, Roy. Soc. London, Suppl. Report 27, p- I53- — 

 Woltereck, 1905, Verhandl. Deutsch. Zool. Gesell., 15 Vers., pp. 106, 113.— Maas, 1906, Fauna Arctica, Bd. 4, Lfg. 

 3, p. 497; 1906, Revue Suisse de Zool., tome 14, p. 99; 1904, Bull. Musee Oceanograph., Monaco, No. 5, p. 4— Van- 

 hoffen, 1907, Zool. Anzeiger, Bd. 32, p. 176; Narcomedusen der Valdivia Expedition, p. 45— Bigelow, H. B., 1909, 

 Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 37, p. 75. 



The type species is Solmundella bitentaculata of the tropical Atlantic and Pacific. This 

 was originally described by Quoy and Gaimard, 1833, under the name of Charybdea biten- 

 taculata. 



