GREELY EXPEDITION 201 



on this account alone. There was then no thought of the bitter future. 

 Besides performing the studies in meteorology, astronomy, and magnetism, 

 which was the prime object of the trip, there was time for trips of a purely 

 exploratory nature, and these were notably successful. Greely had the satis- 

 faction of having one of his men (one who never lived to see his native land 

 again) achieve the farthest north record. Of this Greely's official dispatches 

 had this to say : 



"For the first time in three centuries England yields the honor of the 

 furthest north. Lieutenant Lockwood and Sergeant Brainerd, May 13, 

 reached Lockwood Island, latitude 83° 24' north, longitude 44° 5' west. 

 They saw from 2,000 feet elevation no land north, or northwest, but to north- 

 east Greenland, Cape Robert Lincoln, latitude 83° 35', longitude 38°. Lieu- 

 tenant Lockwood was turned back in 1883 by open water on North Green- 

 land shore, the party barely escaping drift into the Polar Ocean. Dr. Pavy, 

 in 1882, who followed Markham's route, was adrift one day in the Polar 

 Ocean north of Cape Joseph Henry, and escaped to land, abandoning nearly 

 everything. 



"In 1882 I made a spring and later summer trip into the interior of Grin- 

 nell Land, discovering Lake Hazen, some sixty by ten miles in extent, which 

 fed by ice-caps of North Grinnell Land, drains Ruggles River and Weyprecht 

 Fiord into Conybeare Bay and Archer Fiord. From the summit of Mount 

 Arthur, 5,000 feet, the contour of land west of the Conger Mountains con- 

 vinced me that Grinnell Land travels directly south from Lieutenant Aldrich's 

 furthest in 1876. 



"In 1883 Lieutenant Lockwood and Sergeant Brainerd succeeded in cross- 

 ing Grinnell Land, and ninety miles from Beatrix Bay, the head of Archer 

 Fiord, struck the head of a fiord from the western sea, temporarily named by 

 Lockwood the Greely Fiord. From the center of the fiord, in latitude 80° 30', 

 longitude 78° 30' Lieutenant Lockwood saw the northern shore termina- 

 tion, some twenty miles west, the southern shore extending some fifty miles, 

 with Cape Lockwood some seventy miles distant— apparently a separate land 

 from Grinnell Land. Have named the new land Arthur Land. Lieutenant 

 Lockwood followed, going and returning, on an ice cape averaging about one 

 hundred and fifty feet perpendicular face. It follows that the Grinnell Land 

 interior is ice-capped, with a belt of country some sixty miles wide between 

 the northern and southern ice-capes. 



"In March, 1884, Sergeant Long, while hunting from the northwest side 



