BULLFROG AS TYPICAL VERTEBRATE ANIMAL 105 



Pseudotriton (2 species). Pennsylvania to Louisiana. 



Eurycea (7 species). Range from New England to Texas. E. quadridigitata, 

 the dwarf salamander, has only four toes. 



Stereochilus marginatus (1 species). Dismal Swamp, Virginia to Georgia. 



Typhlotriton spelaeus (1 species). The blind salamander of the caves of 

 Missouri and Arkansas. 



Typhlomolge rathluni (1 species). The blind cave salamander of Texas. 



Leurognathus marmorata (1 species). North Carolina mountains. 



Desmognathus (5 species). Southern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, eastern 

 states westward to Illinois. Most common species in Southwest is D. 

 hrimleyorum, Brimley's triton. 



Plethodon (11 species). Distributed over almost the entire United States. 

 Common in the Southwest is P. glutinosus, the slimy salamander. 



Hemidactylium scutatum (1 species). Canada to Louisiana. Another four- 

 toed salamander. 



Batrachoseps (2 species). The worm salamander. Both species on the 

 Pacific. 



Ensatina (3 species). All on the Pacific Coast. 



Aneides (4 species). On Pacific Coast and in southeastern states. 



Hydromantes platycephala (1 species). Yosemite salamander. 

 Sul order Proteida 



Family Proteidae (with external gills and 2 pairs of limbs) 



Nectwus. According to a recent revision of the genus by Mr. Percy Viosca, 

 of New Orleans, describing two new species from Alabama and one new 

 species from Louisiana, the number of species in the U. S. is increased 

 from three to six. The common large Necturus from the Great Lakes 

 region is N. maculosus; the species which seems to be the most common 

 in southern states is N. beyeri Viosca. 



Suborder Meant es 



Family Sirenidae (with external gills, without hind limbs) 



Siren (2 species). Eastern Virginia to Texas. Both S. lacertina and .S'. 



intermedia are found in the Southwest. 

 Pseudobranchus striatus (1 species). South Carolina to Florida. 



Order Salientia (Tailless Amphibians) 



Suborder Amphicoela " ^ 



Family Liopelmidae 



Ascaphus truei (1 species). Washington and a few other points on the 

 Pacific Coast. 



Suborder Anomocoela 



Family Pelobatidae (Spadefoots) 



Scaphiopus (3 species). One species in the East; all three species in the 

 Southwest. These are the spadefoot toads, the pupils of whose eyes are 

 vertical when in daylight. 



