CLIMATIC DIAGRAMS 9 



are periods every year either too cold or too warm, too dry or too huniid. 

 The extremes often are more important for the plants than the average 

 conditions, and for agriculture or forestry purposes it is extremely impor- 

 tant to know how often such extremes may occur. To get a better idea of 

 the climatic conditions in a certain region with respect to its extremes, we 

 use climatograms. Their construction is nearly the same as that of ordinary 

 climatic diagrams, except for the curves. Instead of using the long-term 

 means, the values for single years (for a period at least of 20 years) are used 

 instead. Such cHmatograms show at a glance, how often extreme years 

 with strong deviations occur. 



We hope the method of cHmatic diagrams described here will prove 

 useful and find a wide appHcation. The maps of our atlas need further 

 improvements, as they are a first attempt. 



LITERATURE 



Publications in which the method of cHmatic diagrams was used. 



Beydeman, I.N. & KORCZAGYN, A.A.(i962) Report on the World Atlas of cUmatic 



diagrams and the Russian publications in which this method was used. Bot.Z. 47. 



288-290. 

 BoRHiDi, A.(i96i) KUmadiagramme und klimazonale Karte Ungam. Ann. Unit'. 



Scient. Budapestinensis, Sect. Biol. 4, 21-50. 

 Gaussen, H.(i955) Expression des miHeux par des formules ecologiques; leur repre- 

 sentation cartographique. CoUoqiics Int. du Centre Nat. Rech. Scient. 59, 257-269. 

 GoLUBic, 5.(1958) Beitrag zur KUmakenntnis des Jugoslavischen Kustenlandes. 



Geogr. Glasnik, 20, 139-148. 

 Panntier, F.(i952) El climatogramma. Un aspecto neuva para el conocimiento del 



cUma y de la distribucion de la vegetacion en Venezuela. Ergebn. dtsch. Limnol. 



Venezuela-Exp. I, 57-66. 

 Paterson, S.S.(i959) Forslag till bioklimatisk regionindelning av Nordcn. Suensk 



Geogr. Arsbok, 35, 102-122. 

 PiSEK, A. (i960) Immergriine Pflanzen. Encyclopaedia of Plant Physiology, 5, 415 ff. 



Berlin. 

 Walter, H.(i957) Die Klima-Diagramme der Waldsteppen- und Steppengebiete in 



Osteuropa. Lautensach-Festschr., Stuttg. Geogr. Studien, 69, 253-262. 

 Walter, H.(i962) Die Vegetation derErde, Bd. I, Jena. 

 Walter, H. & Leith, H. (i960) Klimadiagramm-Weltatlas. Jena i960. 



