180 Zoology of Colorado 



Leptoconops torrcns of Townsend, which we have found at Lake 

 George, and different kinds of Culicoides, as C. sanguisuga and 

 C. cock.erc.lli of Coquillett. The latter was first recorded as the 

 wound-gnat, in the Second Report of the Colorado Biological 

 Association (Jan. 1889). It was found in Wet Mountain Valley, 

 attracted by wounds on a horse. C. sanguisuga extends north- 

 westward, and is said by Essig to be "a specially bloodthirsty 

 species in British Columbia and Oregon". 



The Psychodidae, or moth-like flies, may often be found on 

 windows. The wide-spread Psychoda phalaenoides of Linnaeus 

 (cinerea of Banks) is found in Colorado. 



The fungus-gnats or Mycetophilidae are abundant, but have 

 been little studied in Colorado. My list includes only eight 

 species. The Bibionidae, so-called March-flies, are few in species, 

 but often very numerous in individuals. They are of fair size, 

 with quite short antennae. The Simuliidae, called buffalo-gnats 

 or black flies, breed in rapid streams; and the flies, which are 

 small with a convex or humped thorax, may often be found in 

 the mountains and foothills. The females suck blood, and are 

 frequently annoying, I have six species recorded from Colorado. 

 The Blepharoceridae, also breeding in running streams, and having 

 very peculiar larvae, are called net-winged midges. They really 

 look more like crane-flies, and are remarkable for the net work of 

 fine lines in addition to the regular venation. We have two 

 species; one of them, Bibioccphala clcgantula of von Roeder, was 

 found by Middle St. Vrain Creek, above Peaceful Valley, feeding 

 on a May-fly. 



Culicidae (Mosquitoes) 



The mosquitoes of Colorado received special attention dur- 

 ing the war, on account of the danger from malaria. The parasite 

 causing this disease is carried by mosquitoes of the genus Ano- 

 pheles, and wherever these are present the disease is liable to 

 appear. At the present time, we know Anopheles quadrimaculatus 

 of Say from Delta County, but among numerous mosquitoes 

 collected in other parts of Colorado, no Anopheles has been found. 

 It seems that the carrier of malaria is absent, or if not absent 

 very rare, in an area including eastern Colorado, Wyoming, 

 Nebraska, the Dakotas, and some adjacent regions. With these 



