Butterflies 213 



say it is really a form of C. antonia of Edwards. The true C. 

 montis, it appears, is from Arizona, but Edwards, when describing 

 it, referred to a specimen taken by Dodge at Boulder, Colorado, 

 then supposing it to be the same thing. It seems, however, that 

 both antonia and montis may be regarded as races of the C. celtis 

 of the Mississippi Valley. Our butterfly has the upper side a 

 sort of olive-brown, with many light spots, and some black spots 

 ringed with light. The anterior wings are rather conspicuously 

 produced and pointed. All the above butterflies belong to the 

 great family Nymphalidae, in which the front legs are reduced 

 and useless for walking, so that the insect walks on four legs. 

 Two other families possessing this character are the Danaidae 

 and Satyridae. The former, in which the antennae are without 

 scales (scaled in Nymphalidae), includes the common large Milk- 

 weed Butterfly, well known to nearly everyone. It is famous 

 for migrating in vast numbers at certain times; there is a very 

 good exhibit illustrating this in the American Museum of Natural 

 History, New York. One would think that the scientific name of 

 such a common and conspicuous insect would be easily settled, 

 but it has given rise to endless disputes. Very recently (1924) 

 Barnes and Benjamin have reinvestigated the subject, and declare 

 that the name should be Danaus menippe. 



The Satyridae may be defined as derivatives from the Nym- 

 phalidae, with grass-feeding larvae, which are not spiny; the 

 butterflies usually dull brown or reddish, with ocellated spots, 

 and with some of the veins of the front wings swollen at base. 

 The last segment of the larva is bifurcate, which is also true of 

 Chlorippe. We have in Colorado seven genera of these Satyridae 

 (Satyrs, or Meadow Browns). One of these, Oeneis, includes 

 butterflies which live high in the mountains, being often caught 

 at timberline, though they also occur much lower down. Their 

 coloration is such that when they light on the rocks, and allow 

 their wings to fall to one side, they are almost invisible. 



The Papilionidae, or Swallow-tails, typified by the great 

 genus Papilio, are usually easy to recognize. The hind wings 

 have conspicuous tails in most of the species, but they may be 

 small or absent. The larvae of Papilio have a remarkable bifur- 

 cate scent organ, which they can thrust out just behind the head. 

 Some of them, in the early stages, look very much like bird 



