Butterflies 2 1 5 



Smaller; inner edge of yellow band on hind wings, except for 

 the indentations, practically straight . . polyxcncs Fabricius 

 (asterius Cramer). 



P. daunus and P. rutulus are common along the foothills about 

 Boulder and elsewhere. P. polyxenes and P. zelicaon are also 

 widely distributed. P. eurymedon has been taken on Pike's Peak 

 by Reakirt, at Rye in Pueblo County by Nash, and in Boulder 

 Canyon, near the town, by Gillette. P. indra was recorded from 

 Boulder as long ago as 1883, and is also found on Pike's Peak. 

 P. philenor was taken by Nash at Pueblo and Rosita. P. troilus 

 is included because I saw a specimen in my garden at Boulder, 

 Sept. 21 , 1924. I got quite close to it and could not be mistaken, 

 but it was far out of its ordinary range. P. bairdi and its varieties 

 or races are found in western Colorado; Holland suggests that 

 P. brucei originated as a hybrid between P. bairdi oregonia and 

 true P. bairdi. An additional character for the P. hollandi form 

 is that the abdomen is always striped laterally with yellow, or 

 wholly yellow. The larvae of all these P. bairdi races feed on 

 Umbelliferae, and the same is true of P. polyxenes and P. zelicaon. 

 P. rutulus and daunus feed on various shrubs, but never on 

 Umbelliferae. 



Structurally related to the Swallow-tails, but utterly different 

 in aspect is the group of Apollo butterflies, the genus Parnassius. 

 They occur on mountains in Europe, Asia and North America, 

 and are easily recognized by the broad rounded wings, with red 

 (or sometimes yellow) and black spots on a white ground, and 

 frequently broad gray bands, or a gray suffusion over most of the 

 wing. The red spots, best developed on the hind wings, are 

 ringed with black. The antennae are unusually short. Parnassius 

 smintheus of Doubleday and Hewitson is common in Colorado, 

 the larva feeding on the yellow-flowered stone-crop. A dark form 

 of the female, the P. smintheus hermodur of Henry Edwards (see 

 Holland, Butterfly Book, PI. XXXIX, f. 6), was taken by Mr. S. 

 A. Rohwer on Arapahoe Peak, above timber line, Sept. 1, 1906. 

 The accompanying males were not darkened, and it is curious 

 that the high alpine race or variety should be modified in only 

 one sex. The common form of lower altitudes in Colorado is 

 not strictly identical with the original P. smintheus, which came 





