XXX 



REMARKS TO THE STUDENT 



in the form of a drawing rather than by written notes. Where the 

 object is bilaterally symmetrical, it is helpful to use a median line 

 drawn temporarily as a guide and later erased. Such a line may be 

 laid down faintly as in Fig. 7, care being taken to have it parallel with 

 the edges of the page. After deciding the scale on which the figure is 

 to be made, the principal dimensions may be laid off, with a compass 

 or otherwise, along this line ; and a number of right and left measure- 

 ments be indicated, as in Fig. 7. With these as a guide, faint sketch 

 lines may be made with the pencil, until the correct outlines have been 

 hit upon, and then replaced by the final outlines, which should be firm 

 and of uniform thickness, like the ink lines of the drawing reproduced 

 in Fig. 8. It is well not to attempt too much preliminary measuring 

 at the stage shown by Fig. 7, but to train yourself to see all the lesser 

 proportions with the eye after a few principal ones have been mea- 

 sured. In drawing under the microscope, you must use this latter 

 method entirely in the absence of special devices not feasible for use 

 in elementary courses. When the drawing is completed (Fig. 8) the 

 parts should be shown correctly and clearly by an outline figure, 

 which can then be touched up with a little shading in the right places. 

 Such a drawing is not photographic. It is a record of relationships 

 observed and hence is always somewhat diagrammatic. But this does 

 not mean that it is inaccurate. 



Drawings should be labeled as shown in Fig. 8. The label words 

 should always be written horizontally on the page and be so spaced 

 and aligned as to present a neat appearance. The label lines drawn 

 to each word are preferably broken rather than continuous, because 

 too heavy lines in the labeling may detract from the drawing itself. 

 In the ideal figure of this sort, the drawing, not the labeling, should be 

 the part that attracts most attention; but when one looks at the label- 

 ing this should be distinct and unquestionable. Label words should 

 be printed or neatly written. Below the figure, or elsewhere on the 

 page and uniformly throughout your laboratory book, there should 

 be an appropriate title with scale indicated, and your name in accord- 

 ance with the procedure in a particular laboratory. Labeling is not 

 so easy as it seems. The appearance of a good drawing is sometimes 

 ruined by poorly executed label words and lines. You must learn by 

 experience, but suggestions may be obtained by examining the different 

 figures in these directions, in all of which care has been exercised to 

 make the labeling clear but at the same time subordinate to the actual 

 drawing. 



As explained at the outset, the drawing is a means to an end, 

 namely, the recording of facts and the enforcement of careful observa- 



