Carabidae 447 



the following precautions. The temperature and humidity should be 

 high, the puparia should be collected frequently and kept in a warm place 

 until eclosion, and they should be kept in fly-tight cages. The cage il- 

 lustrated (Fig. 79) has been found to be satisfactory for growing these 

 flies. 



These cages are constructed of solid sheet metal on all sides except 

 the front which is screened. This arrangement maintains the more 

 humid condition required by the flies. They are provided with a metal 

 sleeve (S) on one side and a hole (H) on the other, so that they may be 

 connected, two or more, together. A coarse screen covers the inside of 

 the opening (at S) which prevents the pigeons from going, but allows the 

 flies to go, from cage to cage. On one end of such a battery of cages an 

 emergence chamber (C) may be attached into which the collected pu- 

 paria are placed. Upon emergence, the flies readily enter the cage and 

 infest the birds. The tray (T) provided with sawdust provides a place 

 for pupiposition. 



The colony requires little attention beyond the daily care of the birds 

 and weekly gathering of the puparia from the tray. Infections of 

 Haemoproteus [see p. 98] are maintained by the frequent blood- 

 sucking of the flies. It is advisable to introduce a new bird at inter- 

 vals of 3 to 4 months in order to keep the infections going well. 



Order coleoptera 



FAMILY CICINDELIDAE 



For the feeding of Cicindela sexguttata and C. dorsalis see p. 242. 



Family carabidae 



j 



the calosoma beetle (calosoma sycophant a)* 



THIS European beetle, a natural enemy of the gipsy moth, has been 

 reared with fair success in the laboratory and in large numbers in an 

 outdoor insectary in the New England territory infested by that moth. 



Adult beetles were kept in screened-in cages. Pairs were isolated in 

 battery jars containing 3 inches of earth for oviposition, caterpillars for 

 food, cover for hiding, and supports for climbing; a ventilated cover was 

 used for closing each jar. Daily cleaning of the jars and removal of 

 waste food was necessary. When eggs were found the adults were re- 

 moved to other cages. 



♦Abstracted from U. S. D. A. Bull. 251, 1915, by A. F. Burgess and C. W. Collins. 

 For further details of methods and equipment see the original publication. 



