232 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doe. 



ward at the pace Hiat is demanded. It is impossible to hold three 

 or four or ten Institutes in one county on twenty-two thousand dol- 

 lars a year. Don't you see it? I believe that some of your County 

 Chairmen say, ''I believe that Martin is a stingy old fellow; why 

 can't he be liberal with us, and give us the Institutes the people 

 want?" But that is where you make the mistake, for Martin would 

 like to give you all more of the tliese Institues, but he is handicapped 

 by lack of funds. Perhaps our next Legislature will be a little more 

 generous with us along this line. Our last Legislature, and the Leg- 

 islature in the past, have been exceedingly kind to us, but there are 

 so many other calls for help in Pennsylvania that this great Insti- 

 tute work must divide with. 



The last Legislature was kind to us. We received not only forty- 

 five thousand dollars for two years' Institute work, but they con- 

 sidered another and far-reaching question — that of the Farm Ad- 

 visers. After a thorough consideration of this question, they ap- 

 propriated an additional forty thousand dollars and provided for 

 the employment of ten advisers, whose work it is to visit the farms 

 of Pennsylvania and give to the farmer the counsel and advice he 

 needs to work out his own individual problem, and the best methods 

 to be adopted on that particular farm. These ten advisers were 

 divided into different sections — two to advise on soil fertility and 

 and crop rotation. If there is an3^thing that is of greater importance 

 in Pennsylvania than any other thing, it is crop rotation. That does 

 not apply to the single farmer or market gardener, but to the gen- 

 eral farmer. Then two other advisers were appointed for one of 

 the greatest of Pennsylvania's industries — livestock and animal 

 husbandry. And then, again , another great interest in Pennsylvania, 

 and one that is causing our neighboring states to stand up and look 

 over the fence into Pennsylvania, — the poultry interest. I am not go- 

 ing to talk about this in detail, but simply point to the poultry inter- 

 est as a unit — as one of the interests that makes Pennsylvania stand 

 out as one of the great poultry states of the Union. These advisers 

 are always busy men. Then we have another line, about which Mr. 

 Hulsart talked to us so interesting and instructively this morning — 

 market gardening and fruits. One man has charge of that work, and 

 another has charge of another important problem to the farmers of 

 Pennsylvania — farm drainage and water supply. The importance of 

 this was shown when the soil was discussed yesterday. There are hun- 

 dreds of acres which, if properly drained, would add much to the farm 

 land and become a source of income to the farmer. The man who has 

 charge of this work is a practical surveyor and engineer, who is also 

 a farmer, and knows what is required of a proper system of drainage 

 for the farm. And then, in line with this, and of equal importance, is 

 the question of household sanitation ; this includes everything that is 

 included in the farm home, and is in charge of a lady well equipped for 

 the work, whose duty it is to go out into the different homes of the 

 Pennsylvania farmers, and there help the women of those homes to 

 work out their own individual problems relative to the life on these 

 farms. 



There is at present before the people of Pennsylvania, and of the 

 entire country as well, a serious problem, arising out of the high cost 

 of living. Out of that condition has come the necessity for co-opera- 

 tion in farming, and in marketing the products of the farm. Can you 



