258 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



favorable jtlaces were not infested at all. The one marked railroad 

 pond, an open pond, unprotected in any way, and exposed to the sun 

 and to the wind, was entirely destitute of wigglers so far as we could 

 find. Low swales in which stood poplars and willows offered good 

 breeding places, the trees and brush protecting the surface from the 

 wind, keeping the surface of the water smooth and providing a place 

 for the adults to emerge. Mosquitoes can not emerge in the presence 

 of a v/ind or when the surface of the water is rough, because they are 

 easily swamped and drowned. 



The open pond on the campus near the woman's building at first 

 promised to be free from wigglers. It was poorly protected from the 

 wind and a number of sun-fish were introduced. On the 9th of August, 

 however, the larvae of Anopheles were found, together with a very 

 few larvae of Culex the confervae having by that time formed a mat 

 over the surface of the water which mat served as a protection from 

 the fish and the same time furnished food for the larvae. Shortly after 

 this, the pond was treated with a spray of copper sulphate which 

 killed the confervae as well as the mosquitoes. 



The ideal places from the standpoint of the mosquitoes were found 

 in woodland, in small pools of standing water. Here they bred in 

 myriads, both Ciilex and Anopheles. 



Cisterns are said often to be stocked with wigglers. Those on 

 the campus seem to be well protected, none containing mosquitoes 

 although several were examined. One open cistern which contained 

 wigglers was found at some little distance. The cisterns should be 

 made tight and all inlets should be carefully screened with fine wire 

 netting. 



NUMBER OF SPECIES OF MOSQUITOES CAPTURED. 



Many hundreds of mosquitoes were captured and bred from the 

 larval and pupal stages during the summer and among them are to be 

 found eleven species. They are named as follows: 



Psorophora ciliata. 

 Anopheles maciilipennis. 

 Anopheles punctipennis. 

 Conchyliastes musicus. 

 Urotaenia sapphirina. 

 Culex stimulans. 

 Culex pungens. 

 Culex impiger. 

 Culex triseriofus. 

 Culex pipiens 

 Culex purturhans 



CONTROLLING THE MOSQUITO NUISANCE. 



In his admirable book entitled "Mosquitoes, How They Live, How 

 They Carry Disease, How They May Be Classified, How They May Be 

 Destroyed," Dr. L. O. Howard recommends three methods of combatting 

 mosquitoes, — First of all, draining and filling, this is to be done 

 wherever possible. Second, — treating with petroleum; and Third, — 

 the introduction of fish which will eat mosquitoes. No draining was 



