18 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Mr. Kirchgraber — I don't know what kind of care they had. The 

 way some people take care of an orchard it is no wonder they only last 

 about 15 years. 



A member — Is there any such thing as cultivating an orchard too 

 highly so as to bring an over production f Or would high cultivation 

 cause too much fruit and not enough wood ? 



Mr. Goodman — High cultivation gives tree growth and not fruit 

 growth. 



Mr. Brereton — I want to ask a question about trees in the nursery 

 row. I think a great damage is done by planting to deep in the nurs- 

 ery row. I planted a grape pretty deep in the nursery row and the 

 roots died. I suppose it depends a great deal on the soil. 



Mr. Kirchgraber — I set pretty deep in the nursery row. One 

 year I set them 4 or 5 inches. It is best to allow the roots to hunt 

 the ground, that is the most favorable. This fall and next spring I am 

 going to plant about 80 acres more orchard, and will subsoil. 



Mr. Nelson — Is it possible to grow any fruit in this State if you 

 have not what is called hard-pan to close to the surface ? When I 

 came here I had more money than experience. Suppose I set out an 

 orchard and I find that I have hard-pan near the surface. Now what 

 shall 1 do ? I will have to dig through that to let the roots have a 

 chance to grow. Perpaps it will cost 4 or 5 cents for every hole, and 

 that is expensive business. 



Mr. Lamm — I came in with a gentleman from Springfield and he 

 was showing me his plan for setting out an orchard, and I wish he 

 would give the Society the benefit of his plan. This gentleman who 

 read the paper planted his trees 25 feet apart. The gentleman from 

 Springfield plants his differently, and I think he could give us his plan 

 to our advantage. 



Mr. Tippin, from Springfield, was called for and responded : 



I can only criticise the gentleman's paper on account of the dis- 

 tance he has planted his trees apart. But as our soil in Southwest 

 Missouri may be very different from that up here, it may be that the 

 conditions that produce the best results there are not the conditions 

 which produce the best results here. In our part of the State, 25 feet 

 apart is not far enough for the trees in an orchaid. Oar trees would 

 lap into each other from that distance in a short time ; though I do not 

 know how it would be in North Missouri. But what Mr. Lamm wishes 

 me to explain, is the way I planted my 60 acre orchard and have each 

 tree 30 feet apart. 



We go 52 feet apart in the rows going north and south ; the next 

 row would be 15 feet east of that. We go 15 feet in order that the 



