SUMMER MEETING. 81 



leaves must be abundant on the tree if you expect a healthy tree or 

 good growth. Many an orchard has been pruned so badly or so 

 persistently that it has not enough leaf surface to give good life and 

 vigor to the tree, and the trees have been stunted. Let us always use 

 common sense and moderation in all these matters and we shall be on 

 the safe side. 



SEVENTH, THE FEEDING OF THE TREES 



And vines Is a very important, a very interesting and a very valuable 

 question for us to consider. They must be fed, we all admit that, but 

 just how to do it the best, the easiest and the cheapest is a question 

 that we cannot yet answer. Ashes, lime, bone meal, dried blood, nitrate 

 of soda and salt are all good and powerful feeders like corn and wheat 

 are for our cattle. 



Just how much to use, and when to use, and how to use, are ques- 

 tions we cannot answer positively. We are testing this matter all over 

 the country, and in Europe quite extensively at this time. 



EIGHTH, THE FIGHTING QUE FUNGUS DISEASES 



And our insect foes are two very important matters that must be 

 stuided well if we expect to have good fruit. I believe that facts have 

 been established that the Bourdeaux mixture will destroy the mildew 

 and scab and rot, and that the Paris green or London purple will des- 

 troy insect life, and the only question for us to settle is when to use it, 

 how to apply it, the number of applications to give, the strength of the 

 mixture, the pump and nozzle to use, and the cost of it all. 



As a result I must say that each one must experiment and test for 

 himself, and know how to mix the ingredients and then how to apply 

 them. It is quite a problem to get the mixture just right, and apply it 

 in just the right manner and at the right time. If it is thus done we 

 may be sure of success. 



The following is the best formula : 



BORDEAUX MIXTURE. 



Four lbs. sulphate copper in 50 gals, water, 4 lbs. lime, 1 lb. soap. 



Paris Green — Add 2 ozs. for apple or 1 oz. for peach to the above 

 mixture. 



London purple — The same if you Gse it instead of Paris green. 



The Bordeaux mixture should be used first before the buds start 

 in the spring. The second application should be made with the Paris 

 green added and made just as the bloom drops, and the third about 

 ten days later. 



H— 6 



