EXPERIMENT STATION REPORTS 95 



spraying material would be about one-third as much as the Paris green. 

 We have tested it thoroughl}^ against insects upon fruit trees and various 

 kinds of vegetables, including potato beetles, and, when properly pre- 

 pared, have secured as good results as from Paris green, without in- 

 juring the foliage. 



By boiling one pound of arsenic with two pounds of lime in two 

 gallons of water for forty minutes, the arsenic becomes insoluble and 

 does not injure the tender foliage. When the above is added to 400 

 gallons of water, for fruit trees and 200 gallons for potatoes, the result is 

 even more sure than from Paris green. The lime should be carefully 

 slaked with water, and, although the amount used in the preparation 

 of the arsenic will suffice to prevent injury to the foliage, it is desirable 

 to add ten pounds for each 400 gallons of water, when ready for use; 

 this will tend to hold the arsenic upon the foliage. 



During the past season curl-leaf was very troublesome to the peach 

 leaves, causing in many cases most of them to fall from the trees and 

 the loss of the entire crop of fruit. A circular was sent out in the 

 spring advising the use of Bordeuax mixture as a preventive for this dis- 

 ease and several persons who tested it, reported excellent results from 

 it use. In order to be effectual, the spraying should be done before the 

 growth starts, and again as soon as the flowers have fallen. It is ad- 

 visable to use double the amount of lime, and special pains should 

 taken to thoroughly coat the trees with the fungicide, as otherwise the 

 treatment will be only partially successful. 



THE SAN JOSE SCALE. 



During the winter of 1896-97, specimens of the San Jos^ scale were re- 

 ceived from several sections of the State, and, as the owners of the 

 orchards, reported that they received their stock from New Jersey firms, 

 endeavors were made to secure the addresses of all Michigan parties 

 to whom trees had been sent since 1889; the nurserymen kindly fur- 

 nished a list of their customers, and a circular was prepared and mailed 

 to each of the four hundred and twelve persons whose names were thus 

 secured, as well as to all on the regular mailing list of the Station. 

 In this circular a brief history of the spread of the insect in this country 

 and a description of its appearance, was given, and all persons receiving 

 the circular were urged to carefully examine the trees they had received 

 from nurseries in the last eight years, and, if they found traces of any 

 insect likely to be the San Jos(§ scale, they were requested to send 

 samples to the Experiment Station for identification and methods of 

 treatment. As a result of this circular, several hundred specimens of 

 all kinds were received, but happily not more than a half-dozen of 

 the dreaded San Jos^ scale. Many of the specimens were the oyster- 

 shell scale, rose scale, Putnam scale, and aphis and other eggs, while 

 a large number were nothing more than cork cells on the bark, spots 

 of paint, and wounds due to various causes. In several places where 

 the San Jos^ scale was found, they had not spread from the original 

 trees, and were at once destroyed, but in others they had spread until 

 considerable areas were infested. The worst infections were in Ottawa 

 and St. Joseph counties. In one place in Ottawa county, the insects 

 had spread from young plum trees to large cherry, pear and apple trees 

 and were scattered over several acres, including a number of apple 



