WINTER MEETING AT CARTHAGE. 101 



location he has is on a piece of ground well elevated ; the native 

 growth is red cedars, post-oaks, wild crab and hawthorns. The wild 

 crabs and hawthorns the writer found to be seriously infected with 

 apple rust, both B. pyraite and lacerata. The final stage of the rust 

 is also very abundant upon the cedars ; a very short distance from it 

 on lower ground is an old orchard hopelessly ruined by bitter-rot, and 

 owned by a man that will not remove it or do anything for it. Apple 

 scab of course will also have to be considered. What should the man 

 plant ? 



2:^0 satisfactory answer given. — Sec'y. 



DISCUSSION OF VARIETIES. 



Mr. Murray — I am from the northwestern part of the Stnte. For 

 a family orchard we want enough varieties to give a succession for 

 each different kind of fruit for ourselves, families and friends through 

 the entire year. In our part of the State the White June is one of the 

 most certain and regular bearers ; it ripens ten days before Early Har- 

 vest. This latter, Duchess of Oldenburg, Red Astrachan; later Maiden 

 Blush, Rambo, Grimes make a succession to the later winter kinds. 

 Ben Davis is more profitable than any other ; it colors well, and brings 

 a good price. Jonathan does well; it should be picked early, kept in 

 a cool place. The Willow Twig is of no value on light soils. A word 

 of warning: I think there is confusion in regard to the Mammoth 

 Black Twig and the Arkansas Black. I think they will not be superior 

 to the Winesap in North Missouri. While it is desirable to make the 

 acquaintance of new varieties, we should never desert oJd and well- 

 tried friends for new ones of which we know nothing. 



Mr. Dixon — Arkansas Black is a very poor bearer. I think Mam- 

 moth Black Twig is one of our coming apples. It is a good bearer. 

 Some say it is equal to the Ben Davis. Jonathan does not bear well 

 in our section of the country. 



Mr. Murray — It bears exceedingly well in North Missouri. It 

 bears the fourth year from a peck to a bushel ; more than Ben Davis 

 at that age. Nothing will excel it. I put it along with the Ben Davis. 



Mr. Dixon — The M. B. Twig is a good bearer. Trees five or six 

 years old have borne a peck to a bushel. It is an early bearer, like 

 the Missouri. I think it will average twice as large as the Winesap. 



J. 0. Evans — There is no question but that it is mixed, the people 

 not knowing one from the other. 



Henry Speer — What Mr. Murray said in regard to North Missouri 

 is good for almost any part of the State. You must study youi market, 

 jour soil and your climate. Only four varieties are sufficiently tested 



