I 

 166 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



If the dilute lime sulphur is used, it should not be as strong as for apples 

 (see dilution table on last page). 



Pear Blight or Fire Blight was very serious last season in many parts 

 of the state. It is easily noticed, a branch dies back from the tip, leaves 

 turn brown, wither but do not drop. Is caused by a germ that works 

 within the twig and hence spraying is not a preventative. It usually is 

 more serious in rapidly growing trees and for this reason, many pear 

 orchards are left in sod. Cut out the diseased twigs and branches. 

 Make a frequent and systematic inspection of every tree and cut out 

 ever}^ diseased twig and branch found. Cut several inches below where 

 the wood appears to be dead. Carry the dead portion out of the orchard 

 and bury or burn. After every cut, wipe oft" the wound with a cloth 

 or sponge moistened with a 5% carbolic acid solution. 



If slugs appear, spray. with an arsenical, if not too near ripening of 

 fruit to be dangerous. In case of early pears fresh hydrated lime may 

 be dusted on. 



GENEKAL TREATMENT FOR PLUMS. 



Plum trees may be infested with the San Jose and European fruit 

 scale. The treatment for them is the same as recommended for scale 

 on apples. (Page 1.) 



Just Before the Buds Swell, spray with the dilute lime sulphur (or 

 the bordeaux mixture) and arsenate of lead, 21^ to 3 lbs. to a barrel. 

 This is to prevent leaf-spot, fruit rot, black knot and curculio. 



Arsenate of lead is preferable to paris-green on all stone fruits, owing 

 to tenderness of foliage in such fruits. 



Immediately After the Blossoms Fall, it is very essential to make 

 another spraying using the dilute lime-sulphur or bordeaux mixture or 

 self-'boiled lime-sulphur and two pounds of arsenate of lead to every 

 .50 gallons. (For the Japanese varieties use the self-boiled lime-sulphur 

 or dilute the bordeaux one-half.) This spraying is to prevent the leaf 

 trouble, fruit rot and curculio, be sure it is made immediately after 

 blossoms fall. Our experiments last year showed that dilute lime- 

 sulphur was very satisfactory on plums and it is easier to prepare and 

 spray than bordeaux or self-hoiled lime-sulphur. 



Ten Days or Two Weeks Later, it will pay to repeat the previous 

 spraying, especially if the Aveather is wet or the curculio is serious. 

 This spraying should be repeated every ten days or two weeks until there 

 is danger of staining the fruit; stopping at least a month before pick- 

 ing time. 



On varieties especially susceptible to rot, an application of weak 

 copper sulphate may be' made about two weeks before ripening. One 

 pound of copper sulphate to 150-200 gallons of water. No poison need 

 he used. 



Black Knot. Early in the spring a careful inspection should be 

 made of every tree, and all ''black knots" cut out and destroyed. Cut 

 back several inches below the knot. Disinfecting cuts as for pear blight 

 is not necessars'. Wild cherry trees harbor the disease and if diseased 

 ones are near plum or cherry orchards, they should be destroyed, if 

 possible. 



