440 MISSOURI STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



nothing in this direction. More experiments and more discussion 

 among farmers are greatly needed. Birds are natural enemies of the 

 insects, and yet many seem bent on destroying these feathered friends 

 of the fruit grower. I know that Paris green and London purple will 

 destroy the codling moth. Sprinkle the trees just after the blossoms 

 fall ; once is enough, no trouble about it, and it's a perfect protection. 

 But lice, and other sucking insects, are not injured by this process. 

 They need the kerosene emulsion." The lecturer was deluged with 

 questions from all sides after closing his remarks, and it was almost 

 impossible to take them one at a time. He answered good-naturedly 

 as far as he was able. 



Mr. Augur had found the apple maggot attacking tender winter 

 varieties as well as fall sorts. Prof. Cook : '"Turn in hogs to eat up 

 the fallen fruit." Mr. Woodward: "I prefer sheep, protecting the 

 trees with wire cloth, or some offensive wash if necessary." Mr. 

 Moody; "For the codling, I have used the spray with entire success 

 every time. It also destroys many other insects. I use half a pound 

 of the poison mixed with 100 gallons of water, and throw the liquid 

 over the trees with a force-pump. No danger from poison in using the 

 fruit. I have used it so strong that it killed the leaves, and yet even in 

 August not a trace of the poison could be found on the fruit, either 

 with the microscope or hy chemical analysis. I use the fruit in the 

 winter, and my friends often say, 'Why, how well you look!'" Mr. 

 Hathaway: "Would it not be dangerous to turn stock into the or- 

 chard soon after the spraying ?" Prof. Cook : '^I have mown the grass 

 under the trees immediately after spraying, fed it to horses, with no 

 harm resulting; but it is better to wait until after the poison has been 

 washed away by rain." Mr. Woodward: "I feel quite certain that I 

 once lost several sheep which had eaten such grass soon alter spraying. 

 It is hadly safe; better wait a little." 



THE APPLE TREE BORER {Sapevdu Bivittata) 



Essay read before the Montgomery County, Mo., Horticultural 

 Society, by F. Lionberger, secretary. 



I suppose that every orchardist in this part of the country has 

 been forced to make the acquaintance of the apple tree borer as it is 

 very troublesome. At the same time I doubt not there are but few 

 that know the beetle that deposits the eggs in May and June. 



The beetle is striped brown and white, and is about three-fourths of 

 an inch long. The beetle lays the eggs early in the spring in the bark of 

 the trees near the ground, where there are any crevices or rough places. 

 A tree with smooth bark is seldom attacked. As soon as the white 



