GLANDERS AND FARCY. 285 



1879, pertaining to glanders and farcy, has disclosed the fact 

 that these diseases are quite prevalent in the State, that the 

 annual losses therefrom are very large, and that the general 

 public are quite ignorant of their real character, tendency, 

 and results. " They are probably widely diffused diseases, 

 and have been known from the highest antiquity. It would 

 appear, however, that some countries are more severely vis- 

 ited than others, and that they are those in which horses are 

 most artificially maintained, and in which the laws of health 

 are imperfectly observed, or altogether ignored. 



"According to Lequistin, the disease was unknown in 

 Mexico until the war between that country and the United 

 States of America, in 1847, when the troops of the latter 

 introduced it into Vera Cruz. It nevertheless appears to be 



rare in its new home." 



t 



"The term 'glanders' is applied to the disease when the nasal or 

 respiratory mucous membrane and adjacent lymphatic glands, as well as 

 the lungs and other organs are involved ; and ' farcy,' when the malady 

 is localized in the skin and subcutaneous connective tissue, and seconda- 

 rily in the lymphatic vessels and glands. 



" The two forms of the affection may be observed in the same animal 

 singly, simultaneously, or successively ; and the contagium of glanders 

 may produce farcy by transmission from a diseased to a healthy animal, 

 as farcy may produce glanders. 



" Glanders and farcy (viewing them as essentially identical) belong, 

 then, to a special diathesis, which, peculiar to the equine species (and in 

 all probability to all solipeds), is only developed in it; though it is capa- 

 ble of transmission' to various other creatures, either by direct inocula- 

 tion, or by infection, being contagious, generally incurable, and, as a rule, 

 fatal." 



In addition to the widely diverse animals to which this 

 contagious malady "may be transmitted, mankind is also 

 capable of receiving it. 



VARIETIES. 



Percival, in his work, " Hippopathology," vol. iii., 1838, de- 

 votes nearly two hundred pages to the subject of glanders, 

 including farcy, which is recognized as the same disease, in 

 which he recognizes five different varieties of glanders, viz., 

 "acute, typhoid, pulmonary, sub-acute, and chronic." The 

 acute, chronic, and pulmonary have been met with during the 

 past year in this State. A brief description of the character 



