286 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



and symptoms of the malady, abstracted from the writings 

 of eminent authors who have had great opportunities for 

 investigation, is deemed of sufficient importance to insert in 

 tins report. 



" Acute Glanders. — It commences with symptoms of slight febrile 

 catarrhal disorder, and the fever attendant never quits the patient. The 

 course of acute glanders is uninterrupted, oftentimes terrifically rapid, 

 from the period of its attack to that of its surely fatal termination. The 

 horse seems unwell, has manifestly lost the bloom on his coat, is unusu- 

 ally dull in his spirits and movements, does not feed with his ordinary 

 appetite, evinces a sparing discharge from the nose of an unhealthy 

 character, with submaxillary tumefaction, and this is followed by swell- 

 ing of the nostril, chancrous ulceration, augmented and inspissated dis- 

 charges, and appearances of farcy, — symptoms which day by day in- 

 crease and extend, and at that rapid rate that puts an end to life, even 

 so early as the second or third or fourth week." 



" Chronic Glanders. — The pathological anatomy of this form dif- 

 fers but little from that of acute glanders, the separation of the two 

 being merely arbitrary, so that one description would almost suffice for 

 both. 



" Their essential lesions are most frequently localized in the respira- 

 tory apparatus and those portions of the lymphatic system physiologi- 

 cally connected with it, though they may also be found in a great 

 number of organs. These essential lesions are tubercles, chancres, lym- 

 phatic chords, and glands. The glanderous tubercles are always met 

 with in considerable numbers in the lungs, and, according to Reynal, 

 nowhere else. 



"The chancres proper are to be found on the pituitary membrane of 

 the nasal septum and the turbinated bones, and most frequently on one 

 side, although they may exist on both sides, and even in the trachea. 



"When the pustules of glanders are numerous in the nasal cavities, it 

 rarely happens that the other parts, lungs, skin, &c, are seriously affect- 

 ed, and, when the lungs are gravely implicated, the nasal cavities are 

 ordinarily little involved. 



"In addition to the chancres proper, there are nearly always observed 

 on the surface of the pituitary membrane, in chronic glanders, large 

 superficial ulcerations due to the destruction of the epithelium: often a 

 wide surface is involved, and particularly on the septum. . . .. 



"Though the character of the nasal discharge, the ulceration of the 

 pituitary membrane, and the induration of the intermaxillary lymphatic 

 glands, may be justly designated distinctive indications of glanders, par- 

 ticularly in the chronic form, yet it is by no means rare to meet with 

 instances of what are termed ' interna? glanders,' in which one or all of 

 fliese symptoms are absent. In this form, after death, the lungs may be 

 found filled with numerous nodosities and tubercles, some in the gelati- 

 nous, others in the caseous, and others again even in the calcified con- 

 dition, and varying in size from that of a pea to that of a nut. . . . 



