406 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



hundred feet or more may be left betAveen the first and the second belt. 

 The second belt is established in the same manner as described above, 

 except that one or two rows of willows will ordinarily be sufficient to 

 form the facing. From the later belts all willows may be omitted, using 

 poplar and evergreens exclusively. When the second belt is being estab- 

 lished the dead cover should be used if there is evidence of much sand 

 travel over the surface. Under this method a belt is established each 

 year, each succeeding belt approaching nearer and nearer the top of 

 the dune. If the elevation increases rapidly the space between the 

 second and third, and third and fourth belts should be narrowed to 



Fig. 14. The Railroad Company loaded this dune upon cars and carried it across the 

 State to be used in sand blasts. 



The results of the temporary cover planting by the Government on this dune were excellent. 

 The chief fault was that no permanent trees were planted later. 



The mass sliding down the bank is the poplar and herbaceous material which formed the 

 crust. Roots were measured on both Carolina poplar and black locust which reached down 

 into the sand for one huudred feet. 



seventy-five and fifty feet, respectively. When four or five belts have 

 thus been established, enough shelter should have been provided for the 

 open strips between belts numbers one and two and between numbers two 

 and three, so that these may be sown to rye and grass, sweet clover, or 

 any perennial capable of making some growth in this kind of soil. In 

 many cases where severe blows are cutting away old dunes, as well as 

 carrying fresh sand from the water, it will require many years of annual 

 work to reclaim the land. The flat or more level portions between the 

 water and the top of the dune must first be covered with forest growth, 

 thus cutting off the supply of fresh sand, and breaking the sweep of the 

 wind. As the higher portion of the blow is reached, where cutting away 

 of the old dune is going on, recourse will again be necessary to the use 

 of willows and poplars which must be underlaid thoroughly with dead 

 cover. The windward edges of these cuts must always be the first ones 

 treated. Once the shelter belts are carried and established to the top 

 of the dune, a return is made to the grass covered areas between the 

 breaks or barriers. Here good forest trees of many varieties may be 

 planted. Choice of species depends entirely upon the object of the owner 



