220 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



The bents, plates, purline plate, ridge pole, beams and end trusses 

 and most of the posts are of southern pine. The rest of the timber of 

 the frame is hemlock and white pine, the latter used only for making 

 splices. 



The sills are made up of a 2x10 spiked upon a 2x12, the 2x12 being 

 bolted at intervals to the foundation by bolts set in the foundation 

 walls. 



The five bents are placed 16 feet apart, center to center. The center 

 of the first bent is 16 feet from the east end of the frame, while the 

 center of the fifth bent is 14 feet from the west end of the frame. 



The studs are 2x6 by 18 feet, placed 2 feet apart, center to center. 

 The corner posts are built of two 2xl0's and two 2x6's, hemlock, mak- 

 ing hollow posts 6x14 inches, IS feet long. See Fig. 7. The plates are 

 made up of two pieces, 2x10, the lower piece spiked to the studs and 

 bents, the upper piece spiked to the lower piece. 



The purline plates consist of two 2xlO's, held apart and reinforced 

 by a 2x10, 8 feet long, placed over each purline post. 



The ridge-pole is 2x8 inches. 



The rafters are 2x6 inches, placed two feet apart, center to center, 

 and are braced by nailing pieces 2x6x18 feet to the lower side as 

 shown in Figs. 8 and 9. The lower edges of the rafters are set in 4i/^ 

 inches from the outer edge of plate and lookouts are provided to carry 

 the cornice. See Fig. 7. 



The construction of the ends will be best understood bv studying 

 Fig. 5. 



The end walls are strengthened by truss posts, the construction of 

 which is shown in Figs. 5 and 7. There are three of these at the west 

 end, one under each purline plate and one under the ridge-pole. At 

 the east end there are four of these truss posts, one under each purline, 

 and one on each side of the large door under the peak. 



Each joist (of the upper floor) consists of three pieces 2x12 by 16 feet, 

 spliced end to end, thus forming a joist 48 feet long and reaching the 

 width of the frame. These splices are made by placing two 2xl2's 

 end to end and thoroughly nailing with tenpenny board nails, on each 

 side of each joint, a piece of 1x12, 6 feet long. The joists so constructed 

 are set two feet apart. The ends of each joist are well nailed to op- 

 posite studs and are further supported at the ends by 1x4 strips rib- 

 boned into the studs so that the lower edges of the joists stand just 

 9 feet above the sills. In ordinary cpnstruction the joists would be 

 set 18 inches apart. 



The joists are supported between ends by beams built up of four 

 2xl2's, southern i)ine. Four of these beams extend through 62 feet of 

 the length of the barn, while for the remainder of the length only three 

 beams are used. At the east end of the barn an exception is made to 

 this general distribution of joists. Here where a granary is supported, 

 for a small area the joist are placed one foot apart. 



The frame is well braced, and the manner of bracing is shown in 

 Figs. 5, 6 and 8. 



The barn is sided with % inch German siding of southern pine of 

 good quality. 



